Term
|
Definition
| ROM, strength and endurance primarily used with lower motor neuron deficits and orthopedic problems |
|
|
Term
| Total active motion for fingers measurments |
|
Definition
Add extension deficits and subtract from flexion measurement -
MCP 10-50
PIP 15-75
DIP 0 - 10
equals TAM 110 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex 0-45
Ext 0-45
Lateral Flexion 0-45
Rotation 0-45 |
|
|
Term
| Thoracic and Lumbar Spine ROM |
|
Definition
Flex 0-80
Ext 0-30
Lat. Flex 0-40
Rotation 0-45 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex 0-170 ABD, lateral tilt, slight elevation, slight upward rotation
Ext 0-160 Depression, adduction, upward tilt
ABDuction 0-170 Upward rotation, elevation
Adduction 0 Depression, adduction, downward rotation
Horiz. ABD. 0-40 Adduction, reduction lateral tilt
Horiz. Add 0-130 Abduction lateral tilt
Internal rotation 0-70 in ABD 0-60 in ADD.
External rotation 0-90 in ABD 0-80 in ADD. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pronation and Supination 0-80-90 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flex 0-80
Ext. 0-70
Ulnar deviation 0-30
Radial deviation 0-20 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
DIP flex 0-80-90
MP flex 0-50
adduction 0
palmar aBd. 0-50
radial aBd. 0-50
Opposition composite motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MP flexion 0-90
MP hyperextension 0-15-45
PIP flex0-110
DIP flex 0-80
ABD 0-25 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexion - 0-120
Extension 0-30
ABD 0-40
ADD 0-35
Int. Rot. 0-45
Ext. Rot. 0-45 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Plantar flexion 0-50
Dorsiflexion 0-15
Inversion 0-35
Eversion 0-20 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through full ROM against gravity and takes maximal resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through full ROM against gravity and takes moderate resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through full ROM against gravity takes less than moderate resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through full ROM against gravity takes minimal resistance before it breaks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through full ROM against gravity and is unable to take any added resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves through less than full ROM against gravity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves full ROM in gravity-eliminated plane, no resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part moves partly ROM in gravity-eliminated plane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tension is palpated in muscle or tendon, no motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mean of three trials for each position is used. For dynamometer - use one trial ina ll five positions for each hand and a bell curve is observed if the individual is applying maximal effort. df |
|
|
Term
| Activity/Endurance Tolerance |
|
Definition
count repetitions per unit of time
Determine percent of maximum heart rate
Measure time until fatigue
use metabolic equivalent (METS) levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fluid from blood stream moves to interstitial tissue, can be localized or diffuse
pitting - acute
brawny - chronic
Eval - measurment tape, document landmarks, for hand use figure-of-eight method
Eval of hand mass - volumeter - true tool
Any change of more than 10ml is significant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Demonstrate w/ vision then occlude vision for testing
Test uninvolved surface first both dorsal and volar surfaces
SCI - test proximal to distal
Periph. Nerve inj. - test distal to proximal following dermatomes
Neurological - assess for dermatome patterns
Order of return for peripheral nerve injuries: Pain, moving touch, static light touch, and localization.
Types of testing: Light touch, localization, pain, temperature, stereognosis, moving two point discrimination (start 5-8mm apart, proximal to distal on fingertips horizontal, normal is 2mm, 7 out of 10) static two point (begin at 5mm, stop at 15 mm, 7 out of 10, at fingertips longitudinal, normal is 5mm)
proprioception (person copies movement on other side) kinesthesis (person responds which direction extremity was moved) |
|
|
Term
| Coordination (informal assessments) |
|
Definition
Observation of handwriting, manipulation of objects and everyday tasks, money, food
Gross motor - tossing a ball, reaching in a cabinet for specific items, dressing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fingertip dexterity, assembly job simulation 30 sec and 1 minute tests |
|
|
Term
| Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test |
|
Definition
Gross hand and arm movements
Placing (one hand )and turning test (bilateral finger) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Eye hand coordination using tweezers and pins |
|
|
Term
| Crawford small parts dexterity test |
|
Definition
| fine motor dexterity using tweezers, screwdriver, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
finger dexterity - 9 pegs
the Purdue is more reliable and unilateral and bilateral |
|
|
Term
| Jebson Hand Function Test |
|
Definition
Writing
Simulated page turning
picking up common objects
simulated feeding
stacking
picking up large light objects
picking up large heavy objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gently move to resistance or desired range, passive stretching with overpressure
heat prior to inc. extensibility
joint mobilization requires special training.
manual stretching w/in pt. tolerance contract/relax hold/relax increases ROM.
Codman's exercise post surgical shoulder pt.s
splinting
Home exercise equipent
CPMs, pullies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Should be performed when PROM is greater than AROm
Tendon gliding exercises
Blocking exercises
Function use
Preparatory interventions
Purposeful occupations
Precaution of myositis ossificans from over-stretching. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high resistance low repetitions, Isometrics - Are contraindicated for persons with HTN, CArdiovascular. They can increase blood pressure and heart rate
Isotonic eccentric - lengthening and concentric - shortening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Work at 50% of max resistance or less
Increase reps, duration - not resistance
Use energy conservation methods |
|
|
Term
| Edema Reduction Techniques |
|
Definition
Elevation - Contraindicated with circulation problems
Retrograde massage - return of blood and lymphatic fluids to the venous system - stroke in centripetal direction with extremity elevated.
Compression garments (wraps are wrapped proximal to distal)
Cold packs with elevation - Monitor vascular status
Contrast bath
Manual edema mobilization
Contraindications - Heat, infection, grafts or wounds, vascular damage, unstable fracture, CHF. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ROM
Massage (circles and friction
Compression
Scar Pad
Splinting - to prevent contractures
Edema control - in acute phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Desensitization - periphery of scar to start
Massage
Textures
Vibration
Three phase desensitization kit
Fluidotherapy
Re-Education
Safety
Compensation - use two hands, use vision, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gross motor - Fine Motor
Accuracy and speed |
|
|
Term
| Energy Conservation and work Simplification Methods |
|
Definition
5-10 min. rest periods during routine
Schedule tasks alternate heavy/light
Organize tasks
Avoid multiple trips
Eliminate non-essential
Delegate tasks, combine tasks
Sit to work
A/E, electrical
rest before fatigue,
slide rather than lift |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
use max ROM and strength during activities
use strongest joing
push instead of pull
use joint in most stable and functional position
avoid sustained contractions, use A/E
Avoid positions of deformity that cause ulnar drift
don't start something you can't stop
recognize discomfort and warnings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
push instead of pull
Face objecct and keep it close at at COG
Feet flat, broad base of support
bend at knees, back straight
breathe, lift with legs,
move smoothly
don't rotate,
lower body to level of work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Static and Dynamic
To rest
prevent deformities/contractures
increase ROM
protect bone, joint and soft tissue
increase functional use
Maintain arches of hand
Do not impinge on creases of the hand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decrease pressure
Sling applied with 90 degree angle of pull
Low load
maintain three-point pressure
Avoid deformity positions:
wrist flexion, MCP hyperextension, IP joints flexed, thumb adducted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wrist 10-20 extension
MCPs 30-45 flexion
IPs 0-20 flexion
Thumb aBducted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wrist 20-30 extension
MCPs 50-70 flexion
IPs extension
thumb abducted and extended |
|
|
Term
| Precautions and education for splinting |
|
Definition
check skin condition before and after
education for wear and skin checks and care of splint
ensure pt.s understanding of it
teach donning doffing
provide functional training
re-evaluate splint in intervals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
assess w/ OT for appropriate splint
OT sets splinting goals
OTA can fabricate static splints and assist with dynamic splints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dynamic wrist, finger, and thumb extension splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opponens splint, C Bar or thumb post splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dynamic/static splint to position MPs in flexion |
|
|
Term
| combined median ulnar splint |
|
Definition
| figure-of-eight or dynamic MCP flexion splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wrist splint positioned in neutral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elbow splint positions at 30 degrees of flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thumb splint, includes wrist, IP joint free |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| UCL hand based thumb splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| silver rings or buttonhole splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| silver rings or PIP extension splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| functional splint or safe splint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spasticity splint or cone splint |
|
|
Term
| muscle weakness (ALS, SCI, Guillain-Barre-) |
|
Definition
balanced forearm orthosis (BFO) deltoid sling/suspension sling
mounts to w/c must have shoulder movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wrist 15-30 extension
MCP 50-70 flexion
IPs full extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Used as preparatory interventions only and precede, support or enable purposeful and meaningful occupations
Precautions/Contraindications
Cancer,
Pacemaker
Pregnancy
Cognitive impairment
Sensory impairment
Vascular impairment
Never used over a growth plate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
FES, NMES, TENS
Relieves pain
Decreases swelling
Stimulates and strengthens muscles
Stimulates denervated muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relieves pain
decreases inflammation
Increases tissue extensibility
Decreases adhesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cleans and debrides open infected wound
Does not provide heat benefits per say |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relieves pain
Controls edema
Decreases abnormal tone
Facilitates muscle tone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relieves pain
Increases tissue extensiblity
Assists with wound healing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anterior facial region
mastication
ingestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neck region
Sterocleidomastoid, upper trapezius
Head control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Upper shoulder region
Trapezius (diaphragm)
Head control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lateral aspect of shoulder
Deltoid, bicepts, rhomboid major and minor
Elbow flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thumb and radial forearm
Extensor carpi radialis, biceps
Shoulder abduction, wrist extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Middle finger
Triceps, extensors of wrist and fingers
wrist flexion, finger extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Little finger, ulnar forearm
Flexor of wrist and fingers
C8 finger flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Axilla and proximal medial arm
Hand intrinsics
Abduction and adduction of fingers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thorax
Intercostals
Respiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nipple line
Intercostals
Respiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Midchest region, lower rib
Abdominal wall, abdominal muscles
T5-7 superficial abdominal reflex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Umbilicus
Psoas, iliacus,
Leg flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inside of thigh
Cremasteric reflex, accessory muscles
Elevation of scrotum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Proximal anterior thigh
Iliopsoas, adductors of thigh
Reflex voiding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anterior knee
Quadriceps, tibialis anterior, detrusor urinae
Hip flexion, extensors of knee, abductors of thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Great toe
Lateral hamstrings
Flexion at knee, toe extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Foot region
Gastrocnemius, soleus, extensor digitorum longus
Flexor withdrawal, urinary retention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Narrow band of posterior thigh
Small muscles of foot (flexors)
bladder retention |
|
|
