Term
| the immune system functions |
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Definition
-prevent infections
-eradicate established infections
-barrier to transplantation
-defense against tumors |
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Term
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Definition
| resistance to infectious disease via coordinated reaction of immune cells, tissues, and molecules to 'foreign' antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| -molecule (protein, peptide, lipid) that is recognized by immune receptors as foreign |
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Term
| are all antigens immunogenic? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-epitopes
-part of the Ag that interacts with immune receptors |
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Term
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Definition
-naturally acquired (contact with pathogen)
-artificially acquired (vaccine) |
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Term
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Definition
-naturally (antibodies pass from mother to fetus via placenta or infant in her milk)
-artifical (injection of immune serum (antibodies)) |
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Term
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Definition
-surface barriers (skin, mucous membranes)
-internal barriers (phagocytes, NK cells, inflammation, antimicrobial proteins, fever) |
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Term
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Definition
-humoral (b cells)
-cellular (t cells) |
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Term
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Definition
-look similar, distinguished by surface proteins
-B cells
-T cells
-NK cells |
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Term
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Definition
-macrophage
-dendritic cells
-mast cells
-granulocytes (neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil) |
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Term
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Definition
-medial humoral immunity
-CD21
-antigen recognition and presentation
-involved in adaptive immunity;extracellular microbes (bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
-mediate cell mediated immunity
-CD4 or CD*
-antigen recognition and mediates killing
-involved in adaptive immunity;intracellular microbes (viruses) |
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Term
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Definition
-CD16
-cell mediated killing
-involved in innate immunity;infected cells |
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Term
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Definition
| cluster of differentiation |
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Term
| monocyte(blood)/macrophage(tissue) |
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Definition
| -phagocytic cell involved in innate and adaptive immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| -antigen presenting cell involved in initiating adaptive immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| -involved in inflammation and hypersensitivity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -killing extracellular pathogens (ex. worms) |
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Term
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Definition
| allergic reactions and worm infections |
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Term
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Definition
| effector cell involved in allergic reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| primary lympoid organs (central) |
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Term
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Definition
-immunologically inexperienced
-immunocompetent
-haven't seen an antigen, but are prepared |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| immune responses are initiated in |
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Definition
| secondary organs (peripheral) |
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Term
| lymph borne Ags are drained from |
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Definition
| -epithelium, tissues, organs via lymphatics and enter lymph nodes |
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Term
| blood-borne Ags filter through |
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Definition
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Term
| mucosal associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) |
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Definition
| -protects the digestive and respiratory systems from foreign invasion |
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Term
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Definition
-non specific
-primitive
-first line of defense
-recognition of common molecular structures
-limited diversity
-no memory |
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Term
| adaptive immunity overview |
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Definition
-specific
-recently evolved
-second line of defense
-recognition of specific microbial antigens
-high diversity
-immunologic memory |
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Term
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Definition
| -display microbial and self peptides on MHC molecules |
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Term
| innate immune response triggers the inflamatory response |
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Definition
-triggered whenever body tissues are injured or infected
-prevents the spread of damaging agents
-disposes of cell debris and pathogens
-sets the stage for repair |
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Term
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Definition
-DC, MQ, B cells, follicular DC
-found at the common portals of microbial entry
-DC and MQ have the ability to activate naive T cells |
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Term
| types of adaptive immunity (strategies to eliminate microbe) |
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Definition
-plasma cells secrete antibodies
-helper T lymphocytes produce cytokines
-cytotoxic T lymphocytes lyse infected cells |
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Term
| properties of adaptive immunity |
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Definition
-specificity and diversity (clonal selection hypothesis)
-memory (primary and secondary immune response)
-clonal expansion (proliferation)
-specialization (different class of microbes=different immune response)
-non reactivity to self antigens |
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Term
| clonal selection hypothesis |
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Definition
-lymphocyte clones mature in generative lympoid organs in the absence of antigens
-clones of mature lymphocytes specific for diverse antigens enter lymphoid tissues
-antigen-specific clones are activated (selected) by antigens
-antigen-specific immune responses occur
-10^7 -10^9 |
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Term
| phases of immune response |
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Definition
-antigen recognition
-lymphocyte activation
-antigen elimination
-contraction (homeostasis)
-memory |
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