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BOARDS
BOARD QUESTIONS
271
Medical
Professional
01/30/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

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Term
o Celsius → Fahrenheit
Definition
(C x 9/5) + 32
Term
o Fahrenheit → Celsius
Definition
(F - 32) x 5/9
Term
o Medical term for heavy periods
Definition
menorrhagia
Term
o Most common cause of post coital bleeding
Definition
cervicitis
Term
o A cause of secondary amenorrhea related to scarring of uterus after surgery
Definition
Ashtermen’s syndrome
Term
o Most common cause of secondary amenorrhea
Definition
pregnancy
Term
o A cause of secondary amenorrhea patient complaining of headache
Definition
prolactinoma
Term
o Most common strains of HPV associated with cervical cancer
Definition
– 16 & 18
Term
o T-score for osteoporosis
Definition
2.5
Term
o What age is recommended for first Pap
Definition
21 or before if sexually active
Term
o Quantative beta hcg that is not doubled in how many hours can lead to fetal demise
Definition
48 hours
Term
o Leading cause of pregnancy related death in 1st trimester
Definition
ectopic
Term
o Patient in 3rd trimester presents with painless vaginal bleeding
Definition
– placenta previa
Term
o Abortion that is still potentially viable
Definition
threatened
Term
o Amsel’s criteria to diagnose bacterial vaginosis
Definition
elevated pH
positive whiff test
clue cells
white discharge
Term
o Chandelier sign
Definition
pelvic inflammatory disease
Term
o Most common solid breast lesion
Definition
fibroadenoma
Term
o At what point in normal pregnancy should women undergo group b strep test
Definition
36-37 weeks
Term
o Quadrupal screen
Definition
inhibin, alpha fetaprotein, beta hcg, estriol
Term
o Timing of Rogaine injection of Rh- pregnant patient
Definition
28 weeks; 2nd is at delivery if baby is Rh-
Term
o Most common cause of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Definition
sarcoidosis
Term
o Water bottle sign
Definition
pericardial effusion
Term
o First thing you draw in CBC
Definition
etda lavender top
Term
o Philidelphia chromosome
Definition
CML
Term
o Treatment for Coumadin overdose
Definition
Vitamin K
Term
o Rheumatoid arthritis patient with splenomegaly and neutropenia
Definition
kafelty’s syndrome
Term
o Cullen sign
Definition
pancreatitis
Term
o Triad of Reactive arthritis (Reiter’s syndrome)
Definition
arthritis, uveitis, urethritis
Term
o Cast post-surgical Achilles tendon repair
Definition
plantarflexion
Term
o When tying absorbable sutures
Definition
leave no tail
Term
o Koplick spots
Definition
measles or rubiola
Term
o Pearly white oval papule with central umbilication
Definition
molluscum contagiosum
Term
o Cherry red spot in fundus
Definition
central retinal artery occlusion
Term
o Biological warfare toxin that is most deadliest
Definition
botulinma
Term
o Scotty dog fracture
Definition
spondylolysis
Term
o Most common cause of septic arthritis
Definition
staph aureus
Term
o Most common cause of septic arthritis
Definition
staph aureus
Term
o Young, sexually active female with septic arthritis, now cause is
Definition
gonorrhea
Term
o Components of synovial fluid analysis
Definition
crystals, WBC, culture/gram stain
Term
o Creatinism
Definition
congenital hypothyroidism
Term
o Patient has Lupus and +ANA, what tests do you run to confirm
Definition
– anti-smith’s antibody and anti-dsDNA
Term
o Patient has rheumatoid arthritis, what tests do you run to confirm
Definition
RF and anti-CCP
Term
o Test for thoracic outlet syndrome
Definition
Adson's maneuver
Term
o Water’s view visualizes
Definition
sinuses
Term
o Anti-smooth muscles antibodies indicative of
Definition
– autoimmune hepatitis (lupoid)
Term
o Treat heroin overdose
Definition
narcan
Term
o Most common complication after electrical injuries, especially lightning
Definition
formation of cataracts
Term
: given to Control withdrawal from other opioids (including heroin & morphine)
Definition
o Methadone
Term
o If you have a stroke in a young female make sure to check
Definition
Lupus anti-coagulant
Term
o Indications for obtaining ESR include concern for
Definition
: Infection, Inflammation, Malignancy
• Temporal Arteritis, Rheumatory arthritis, and Polymyalgia rheumatic
Term
• Radicular pain followed by localized erythematous rash and vesicles
Definition
o Varicella Zoster
Term
• Fever, malaise, pharyngitis, (Posterior cervical), splenomegaly
Definition
o Mononucleosis
Term
E. Coli
Definition
most diarrheal strains are serotype O157:H7 and is associated with hemolytic-uremic syndrome
Term
• Yersinia enterocolitica
Definition
“mesenteric adenitis”- mimics appendicitis
Term
Bloody diarrhea
Definition
• Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella
Term
- Bence Jones proteins in urine
Definition
o Multiple Myeloma
Term
: Hematuria + hemoptysis
Definition
o Goodpasture’s Syndrome
Term
mild edema, moderate proteinuria, HTN, Hematuria, and RBC casts
Definition
o Glomerulonephritis
Term
o Causes of Renal Artery Stenosis:
Definition
atherosclerosis (old men) or fibromuscular disease (young women)
Term
o When replacing fluids and electrolytes:
Definition
never replace all fluids within a 24 hour period
Term
are at risk for BOTULINUMISM
Definition
o Children who eat HONEY
leads to PARALYSIS
Term
normal pupils, almond smell, cherry skin
Definition
o Cyanide poisoning
Term
pinpoint pupils
Definition
o Nerve Agents
Term
BOWING BACKS
Definition
TETANUS
Term
o Treat Dog and Cat bites with
Definition
Augmentin- Do NOT suture these bites
Term
o Most common cause of Atelectasis
Definition
POST OP FEVER
Term
o Virchow’s Triad
Definition
Hypercoagulabilty, Venous Stasis, Endothelial injury/damage
Term
ventilation perfusion scan
Definition
dx of a Pulmonary Embolus→ on the scan it is referred to as a mismatched defect
Term
o Fetal effects of Syphilis
Definition
Frontal Bossing, notched incisors, mulberry molars
Term
seizure and pre-eclampsia treatment
Definition
MAG SULFATE
Term
can be used to prevent ulceration from NSAID use
Definition
o Misoprostol
Term
o In Pregnancy- Drug of Choice for Type II Diabetes or Gestational diabetes not controlled with diet alone
Definition
NPH insulin
Term
o Rheumatoid Arthritis: genetic marker
Definition
HLA-DR4
Term
o Heliotrope rash
Definition
POLYMYOSITIS
Term
o Mees Lines
Definition
(Whitish lines on nails) = Chronic arsenic poisoning
Term
o CREST SYNDROME :
Definition
calcinosis, Raynaud’s, esophoeal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangectasias
Term
tx of Absence seizure
Definition
ethosuximide
Term
AED used in Trigeminal neualgia
Definition
Carbamazephine
Term
o Vascular dementia
Definition
a step wise decline (not a slow progression which is similar to Alzheimer's)
Term
o Diagnosis for fat emboli syndrome
Definition
GURD’s Criteria
Term
o Treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia
Definition
Dantrolene
Term
yellow honey colored crust
Definition
o Impetigo
Term
o Erysipelas caused by
Definition
group A strep
Term
o Pheochromocytoma and Renal Artery Stenosis are the two causes of
Definition
secondary HTN
Term
• Stocking and Glove Paresthesias
Definition
Diabetes
Term
• Somogyi Effects
Definition
Early am hyperglycemia before breakfast, Nocturnal hypoglycemia evokes surge of counter regulatory hormones to produce high BS by 7 am
Term
• Dawn Phenomenon-
Definition
Occurs in 75% of type 1/ most type 2, Reduced insulin sensitivity between 5-8 am, Evoked by spikes of GH released hrs before at onset of sleep
Term
• Metformin causes
Definition
LACTIC ACIDOSIS and discontinue before IV contrast dye
Term
severe hypothyroidism
Definition
o Myxedema coma
Term
o Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
Definition
A prognostic indicator is called a Hutchinson sign which is the lesion on the nose because the nasociliary nerve also innervates the cornea→ may suggest occular involvement.
Term
• MUDPILES
Definition
• M-Methanol
• U-Uremia
• D-Diabetic Ketoacidosis
• P-Propylene glycol (in benzodiazepines)
• I-Isoniazid/Iron
• L-Lactic acidosis
• E-Ethylene glycol/Ethanol
• S-Salicylates
Term
o Hyperkalemia ECG
Definition
tall peaked T waves
Term
Hypokalemia ECG
Definition
T wave becomes flat
U wave
Term
o Reiter’s Syndrome
Definition
can’t see, can’t pee, can’t climb a tree”
• Ocular, uritis, arthritis
Term
systolic murmur proceeded by a high pitch click
Definition
MVP
Term
o Syncope in an elderly patient
Definition
aortic stenosis until proven otherwise
Term
• Early Systolic murmurs
Definition
mild AS
Term
Mid systolic murmur
Definition
AS
PS
HOCM
Term
late systolic murmur
Definition
MVP (mid systolic click)
Term
• Holosystolic
Definition
MR, TR, VSD
Term
• Diastolic murmurs
Definition
• AR, PR, MS, TS
Term
Holosystolic (pansystolic) murmur heard best at LLSB, May have pulsatile liver, JVD
Definition
o Tricuspid Regurgitation
Term
Holosystolic murmur heard best at the LLSB, Prominent A wave on JVP
Definition
o Tricuspid Stenosis
Term
affects Tricuspid Valve
Definition
o Endocarditis in an IV Drug user→ Staph
Term
the jones criteria
Definition
rheumatic fever
Term
the jones criteria: major manifestation
Definition
carditis
polyarthritis
chrorea
erythema marginatum
subcutaneous nodules
Term
jones criteria
Evidence for Grp A Infection
Definition
(+) throat culture or rapid strep test
Recent scarlet fever
↑ or rising strep Ab titer (ASO, ADB, AH
Term
o Tetralogy of Fallot-
Definition
cyanotic malformation, most common cyanotic congenital heart malformation diagnosed after 1 year of age
Term
most common cyanotic congenital heart malformation
Definition
o Tetralogy of Fallo
Term
o Infective Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)
Definition
Streptococci- viridans group, Staphylococci, Enterococci
Term
• Osler nodes-
Definition
Endocarditis
painful sq nodules on pads of fingers & toes
Term
• Janeway lesions
Definition
Endocarditis

small, painless hemorrhage macular papules on palms or soles due to septic emboli
Term
• Splinter hemorrhages
Definition
endocarditis
Term
• Roth spots
Definition
Endocarditis

oval-shaped retinal hemorrhage w/pale center near optic disc
Term
• Arterial Probs
Definition
(below the ankle)
Term
• Venous Probs
Definition
Above the ankle on the lower leg
Term
• Acute Arterial Ischemia • 6 P’s
Definition
Poikilothermia, Pallor, Pulseless, Parasthesia, Pain, Paralysis
Term
pain out of proportion to physical exam
Definition
• Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Term
• Kerley B-lines
Definition
CHF
Term
o Prinzmetal (atypical) angina
Definition
pain is due to the vasospasm, it is not related to exercise (it typically will happen at rest or at anytime) – Randomly occurs at rest
Term
triglycerides in atherosclerosis
Definition
present but are not in themselves, an independent risk factor
Term
o Becks Triad-
Definition
with accumulation of pericardial fluid:
• Muffled heart tones/ distended neck veins/hypotension
Term
o Four muscles that form a common tendon…the ROTATOR CUFF
Definition
• SUBSCAPULARIS
• INFRASPINATUS
• TERES MINOR
• SUPRASPINATUS
Term
iron Deficiency Anemia
Definition
- Hypochromic, microcytic red cells
Term
Macrocytic Anemia
Definition
Folic acid given alone will reverse hematologic abnormality but will MASK vitamin b 12 deficiency leading to severe neurological dysfunction and disease
Term
will MASK vitamin b 12 deficiency leading to severe neurological dysfunction and disease
Definition
folic acid deficiency
Term
o Hallmark of Hemophilia-
Definition
recurrent inadequately managed hemarthosis leads to deformity and chronic pain
Term
deficiency of factor VIII
Definition
• Hemophilia A
Term
deficiency of factor IX
Definition
• Hemophilia B –
Term
should be included as a component of antenatal therapy whenever possible
Definition
ZDV
Term
- spherical purple bodies within cells (seen Most Commonly in Hyposplenism)
Definition
o Howell-Jolly Bodies
Term
• Group of diseases caused by a deficit in enzymes involved in porphyrin metabolism
Definition
o Porphyria
Term
• Inherited defects in heme biosynthesis that result in excess production of prophyrin precursors
Definition
o Porphyria
Term
• Normocytic, hypochromic RBCs
Definition
o Lead Poisoning
Term
• Basophilic stipling, siberoblast
Definition
o Lead Poisoning
Term
• Crosses placenta & has teratogenic effects- DO NOT USE IN PREGNACY→ Give Heparin instead!
Definition
Warfarin (Coumadin®)
Term
• Purple toes syndrome: painful, bluish toes due to cholesterol emboli from plaques
Definition
Warfarin (Coumadin®)
Term
o Boring Pain
Definition
Pancreatitis
Term
o GI Hypersecretory condition
Definition
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome
Term
Substernal pain
Definition
esophagus
Term
shoulder pain
Definition
diaphragm
Term
epigastric pain
Definition
Stomach
Duodenum
Gallbladder
Liver
Pancreas
Term
right scapula pain
Definition
biliary tract
Term
midback pain
Definition
aorta
pancreas
Term
periumbilical pain
Definition
small intestine
Term
sacrum pain
Definition
rectum
Term
burning pain
Definition
peptic ulcer
Term
cramping pain
Definition
biliary colic
gastroentereitits
Term
colic pain
Definition
appendicictis
renal stone
Term
aching pain
Definition
appendicitis
Term
knifelike pain
Definition
pancreatitis
Term
ripping, tearing pain
Definition
aortic dissection
Term
sudden onset pain
Definition
duodenal ulcer
pancreatitis
obstruction
perforation
Term
May occur anywhere in the GI tract
Definition
crohns
Term
• Transmural with Skip lesions (alternating areas of inflammation with unaffected areas)
Definition
o Crohn’s
Term
complications of Crohn’s
Definition
• Small bowel strictures & obstructions (SBO)
• Fistulas, abcesses and perforation
• Nutritional deficiencies- vitamin B12, fat-soluble vitamins, zinc, folate and iron (also w/UC)
Term
chlamydia treatment
Definition
doxycycline
Term
gonorrhea tx
Definition
Rocephin
Term
columnar epithelium replaces normal squamous epithelium in distal esophagus
Definition
o Barrett’s Esophagitis
Term
“Bird Beak” on XR (failure of the gastroesophageal sphincter to relax)
Definition
o Achalasia
Term
inflammation of bile ducts
Definition
o Cholangitis
Term
inflammation of gallbladder
Definition
o Cholecystitis
Term
gallstones in gallbladder or cystic duct
Definition
o Cholelithiasis
Term
gallstones in common bile duct
Definition
o Choledocholithiasis
Term
o Cholangitis- Charcot’s Triad
Definition
• Jaundice, Fever, RUQ Pain
Term
abd pain (epigastric, radiates towards back, constant NOT colicky), N/V, Jaundice, Steatorrhea
Definition
o Acute pancreatitis
Term
• Most common drug that causes acute pancreatitis
Definition
BACTRIM
Term
enzyme more specific for the pancreas
Definition
Lipase
Term
o Pancreatitis- RANDON’S Criteria
Definition
• At admission “GA LAW”: Glucose, Age, LDH, AST, WBC
• At 48 “C Hobbs”: Calcium, Hematocrit, O2, BUN, Base deficit, Sequestration
Term
• At admission “GA LAW”: pancreatitis
Definition
Glucose, Age, LDH, AST, WBC
Term
• At 48 “C Hobbs”: pancreatitis
Definition
Calcium, Hematocrit, O2, BUN, Base deficit, Sequestration
Term
Large area of bruising to the flanks
Definition
o Grey Turner’s Sign
Term
Large area of bruising to the umbilical area
Definition
o Cullen’s Sign
Term
painless Jaundice
Definition
o Pancreatic Cancer
Term
The presence of Jaundice and a PAINLESSLY distended gallbladder is a strong indicator of pancreatic cancer
Definition
• Courvoisier Sign
Term
• Nephrotic syndrome
Definition
• Major protinuria (>3.5g/day), edema, hyperlipidemia
Term
• Nephritic syndrome
Definition
more inflammation
• Acute brown hematuria, decreased GFR
• Due to renal inflammation and leads to ARF
Term
1. What nerve innervates Levator Palpebrae Muscle
Definition
Elevates lids, CN III
Term
2. What nerve innervates Orbicularis Oculi Muscle?
Definition
Closes eyelids, CN VII
Term
What is the flow of tears?
Definition
Puncta--- Canaliculi--- Lacrimal Sac--- Nasolacimal Duct
Term
4. What is the Nerve Innervation for all eye muscles
Definition
Superior rectus (CN 3)- up and out, Inferior rectus (CN 3)- down and out, Medial rectus (CN 3)- in, Lateral rectus (CN 6)- out, Superior Oblique (CN 4)- down and in, Inferior Oblique (CN 3)- up and in
Term
eyes look up and out
Definition
Superior rectus (CN 3)-
Term
eyes look down and out
Definition
Inferior rectus (CN 3)-
Term
eyes look inward
Definition
Medial rectus (CN 3)-
Term
eyes look outward
Definition
Lateral rectus (CN 6
Term
eyes look down and in
Definition
Superior Oblique (CN 4)-
Term
eyes look up and in
Definition
Inferior Oblique (CN 3)-
Term
normal for the Physiologic Cup
Definition
Center of optic disc- 30% of disc diameter
Term
Marcus Gunn Pupil
Definition
? Optic nerve is damaged, Affected eye has no consensual reaction, Affected eye dilates instead of constricting with direct reaction, Good eye constricts & dilates normally with direct and consensual reactions
Term
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy (CN3
Definition
a. Complete ptosis
b. Dilated, unreactive pupil
c. Impaired EOMs
Term
What is Horner’s Syndrome?
Definition
a. Paralysis of sympathetic nerves
b. Unilateral ptosis
c. Ipsilateral pupil constriction
d. No Sweating
Term
(Miosis, ptosis, Anhydrosis)
Definition
Horner’s Syndrome
Term
One dilated pupil, No reaction to light
Definition
Adie’s Pupil
Term
Affected eye has no consensual reaction, Affected eye dilates instead of constricting with direct reaction, Good eye constricts & dilates normally with direct and consensual reactions
Definition
Marcus Gunn Pupil
Term
Small, irregular pupils, Do not react to light, React to accommodation
Definition
Agryll Robertson Pupil
Term
Complication of Syphilis--- Seen in Prostitutes with Syphilis
Definition
Agryll Robertson Pupil
(they will accommodate but no react)
Term
sty
Definition
Hordeolum
Term
)? Lump within eyelid follicle, PAINFUL, Obstruction of glands of Zeiss/ Moll
Definition
Hordeolum
Term
Lump on eyelid (outside), PAINLESS, Obstruction of Meibomian glands (oil gland)
Definition
Chalazion
Term
PUS in the anterior chamber
Definition
Hypopeion
Term
BLOOD in the anterior chamber
Definition
Hyphema
Term
Kayser-Fleischer Ring
Definition
WILSON’S DISEASE
Term
Kayser-Fleischer Ring
Definition
Greenish-yellow ring near limbus, Disorder of copper metabolism
Term
Greenish-yellow ring near limbus, Disorder of copper metabolism
Definition
WILSON’S DISEASE
Term
Cherry red spot in macula
Definition
= Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Term
• Fusion of cervical vertebrae and SI joint, male 20-40 yrs, Achilles tenosynovitis, uveitis
Definition
o Ankylosing Spondylitis → Do HLA-B27 Labs
Term
• Osteochondrosis affecting the proximal femoral epiphysis
• Can turn into avascular necrosis of the femoral head
• When avascular necrosis occurs, the head of the femur can collapse
Definition
Legg Calf Perthes- “osteochondritis desicans of the hip”
Term
• X-ray will show loss of structural integrity of the femoral head
Definition
Legg Calf Perthe
Term
• Seen often in obese male teenagers
Definition
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Term
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)
Definition
• MC in the left hip, females, first born, and babies born in the breech position
Term
attemps to relocate a developmentally dislocated hip
Definition
• Ortolani’s test
Term
• Barlow’s Test-
Definition
attemps to see if the hip will dislocate, then relocate
Term
Pavlik harness
Definition
positioning device for newborns with DDH
Term
o Ottawa ankle rules
Definition
• Pain at bony prominences – lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, base of 5th metatarsal, navicular
• Inability to bear weight
• Pain at midfoot zone requires foot xray
Term
excessive bleeding at time of menses
Definition
• Menorrhagia
Term
uterine bleeding of normal amount at irregular, non-cyclic intervals
Definition
• Metrorrhagia
Term
red urine caused by
Definition
Pyridium and Rifampin
Term
• Decrease by food: must be taken at least 30 minutes before breakfast with 8 oz. of plain water
Definition
• Bisphosphonates
Term
• PO: limited to treatment of C. difficile after metronidazole
Definition
• Vancomycin
Term
o Cross-allergenicity may occur with other B-lactam antibiotics (Esp. Cephalosporins)
Definition
• Penicillin
Term
incidence of maculopapular rash is almost 100% in mononucleosis its treated with
Definition
ampicillin
Term
: Connective tissue problems: avoid in pregnancy & lactation and in pediatrics (under 18 years of age) due to cartilage erosion
Definition
• Fluroquinolones
Term
o May cause tendon rupture
Definition
• Fluroquinolones
Term
• Ace inhibitor SE
Definition
cough

• Hyperkalemia, Angioedema, Persistent dry cough, Avoid in pregnancy (teratogenic)
Term
• Loop Diuretics- AE
Definition
Ototoxicity and Hyperuricemia (Gout)
Term
• Digoxin- AEs:
Definition
Arrhythmias/Heart Blocks and Visual disturbances (alteration of color perception & halos)
Term
BP meds Contraindicated in Pregnancy
Definition
ACE
ARBs
Term
BP meds in pregnancy
Definition
Methyldopa
Term
New-onset or worsening HTN after 20 wks gestation associated with albuminuria
Definition
• Preeclampsia
Term
New-onset or worsening HTN after 20 wks gestation associated with albuminuria
+
seizures
Definition
Eclampsia
Term
• MI Treatment
Definition
• M- Monitor
• O- Oxygen
• V- Ventilation
• E- EKG (12 lead)
• I-IV lines more that 3
• T- Thrombolytics (if you can)
• M- Morphine, Metoprolol
• A-ASA, ACEi
• N- Nitro
Term
• Anxiety: First line treatment
Definition
SSRIs

• Buproprion (Wellbutrin)→ has fewer sexual SE, BUT do not use in patients with Seizures
Term
has fewer sexual SE
Definition
• Buproprion (Wellbutrin
Term
Three C’s” of Tricyclic Toxicity
Definition
Coma, Convulsions, Cardiotoxicity
Term
• Theophylline
Definition
NARROW therapeutic index, can lead to fatal arrhythmias in overdose
Term
• Treatment of Syphilis
Definition
Benzanthine Penicillin
Term
adheres to outer surface of lungs
Definition
• Visceral
Term
lines the thoracic walls & thoracic surface of diaphragm
Definition
• Parietal
Term
• Angle betw nail plate & proximal nail fold increases to > 180º
Definition
clubbing

usually due to chronic hypoxemia
Term
• Frothy, white/pink sputum
Definition
pulmonary edema
Term
creamy yellow sputum
Definition
staph pneumo
Term
rusty sputum
Definition
strep pneumo
Term
red current jelly sputum
Definition
klebsiella
Term
mucoid/white/gray sputum
Definition
chronic bronchitis
Term
green/pus sputum
Definition
Pseudomonas
Term
foul odor sputum
Definition
anaerobic
lung abscess
Term
Viral pneumonia
Definition
Nodular infiltrate, diffuse
Term
Pneumococcal
Definition
Lobar or bronchopneumonic infiltrate & consolidation, air bronchogram, pleural effusion
Term
Apical infiltrate, parenchymal calcification
Definition
TB
Term
Lobar or bronchopneumonic infiltrate & consolidation, air bronchogram, pleural effusion
Definition
Pneumococcal
Term
Fibrosis, calcifications, satellite densities
Definition
Granulomas
Term
Plate-like densities
Definition
Atelectasis
Term
Overexpanded lungs, low flat diaphragms
Definition
Emphysema
Term
• Carcinoid Syndrome
Definition
Occurs in GI organs, progressive
Term
• Bronchospasms, sudden ↓ in BP, Edema, ascites, cyanotic skin flushing
Definition
• Carcinoid Syndrome- Occurs in GI organs, progressive
Term
Systemic vasculitis in skin, lungs, kidneys
Definition
• Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Term
- Fever, cough,chills, hypoxia, anorexia, Hepatomegaly, eosinophilia, ↑ IgE & ESR
Definition
• Eosinophilic Pneumonia
Term
o Bacterial Meningitis most common pathogen
Definition
S. pneumonia
Term
. Non-tetanus prone wound
Definition
booster of more than 10 years since last immunization
Term
Tetanus prone wounds
Definition
booster of more than 5 years since last immunization
Term
3. Tetanus prone wound with no history of immunization
Definition
requires tetanus toxoid (Td) (active immunity) and
tetanus immune globulin (T16) (passive immunity)
Term
– 3 doses of tetanus toxoid required
Definition
• 1. at wound closure
• 2. 4 – 8 weeks later
• 3. 6 – 12 weeks after second doses
Term
o Giant Cell Arthritis (aka: Temporal Arteritis)
Definition
• Systemic granulomatous vasculitis of med and large sized arteries, most notable temporal artery and other branches of carotid artery
• Characterized by unilateral HA, exquisite tenderness in the scalp, fever, high ESR
• Affected artery becomes a hard, pulsating, tender, tortuous bulge under red or cyanotic skin
• Gangrene of the scalp may occur
Term
• Characterized by cutaneous and mucosal erythema and edema w/subsequent desquamation, cervical lymphadenopathy and complicated by coronary artery aneurysms
Definition
o Kawasaki’s Syndrome
Term
• CRASH pneumonic
Definition
conjunctivitis; rash; aneurysms/adenopathy, strawberry tongue, hands-induration/erythema/desquamation

KAWASAKI
Term
looking for “giant multinucleated cells”
Definition
• Tzanck Smear- of herpes simplex
Term
a “spaghetti and meatball” configuration
Definition
o Tinea versicolor pseudohyphae and spores
Term
Classic description is a pearly plaque with rolled borders and superficial telangiectasias.
Definition
o Basal Cell Carcinoma
Term
• Presents as a bleeding or scabbing sore that won't heal
Definition
o Basal Cell Carcinoma
Term
: Melanoma of the palms, soles, distal phalanges, and mucous membranes
Definition
o Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
Term
Sudden appearance of pigmented band on proximal nail fold.
Definition
• Hutchinson's Sign

o Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
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