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bowman ch. 8
sharp uco exam 2
24
Political Studies
Undergraduate 2
10/28/2012

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Term
bureaucracy
Definition
the branch of government, consisting of all executive offices and their workers
Term
incrementalism
Definition
a decision-making approach in the budgetary process in which the previous year's expenditures are used as a base for the current year's budget figures
Term
line-item budgeting
Definition
a budget that lists detailed expenditure items such as personal computers and paper, with no attention to the goals or objectives of spending
Term
performance budgeting
Definition
budgeting that is organized to account for the outcomes of government programs
Term
capital budgeting
Definition
a budget that plans large expenditures for long-term investments, such as buildings and bridges
Term
merit system
Definition
the organization of government personnel providing for hiring and promotion on the basis of knowledge, skills, and abilities rather that patronage or other influences
Term
neutral competence
Definition
the concept that public employees should perform their duties competently and without regard for political considerations
Term
affirmative action
Definition
special efforts to recruit, hire, and promote memebers of disadvantaged groups to eliminate the effects of past discrimination
Term
collective bargaining
Definition
a formal agreeement in which representatives of labor and management negotitate wages, benefits, and working conditions
Term
bureaucratic discretion
Definition
the ability of public employees to make decisions interpreting law and administrative regulations
Term
clientele group
Definition
groups that benefit from a specific government program, such as contractors and construction firms in state highway department spending firms
Term
new public management
Definition
an international movement to improve government efficiency and effectiveness through market-based solutions
Term
e-government
Definition
the use of information technology to simplify and improve interactions between governments and citizens, firms, and other entities
Term
quality and capacity of public administration has greatly __________ in the majority of states
Definition
improved
Term
state and local goverment has _______ rapidly
Definition
grown
Term
______________________ operating budgets must be balanced each year
Definition
state and local
Term
who are the four principal actors in the budgetary process?
Definition
interest groups, agencies, chief executives, and legislative body
Term
budgets then to expand or contract ___________
Definition
incrementally
Term
what is the trend in accounting for revenues and expenditures?
Definition
performance-based budgeting
Term
The NPM movement, privatization, e-government are all a _____________ trend
Definition
long-term
Term
what is oklahoma's overall rating in the quality of public administration
Definition
C+
Term
where does oklahoma rank in e-government ratings?
Definition
34th
Term
what are oklahoma's collective bargaining rights?
Definition
noncomprehensive
Term
what are the 5 processes for the budget process?
Definition
preparation, formulation, adoption, execution, and audit
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