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BRACHIAL PLEXUS
Lesions, Syndromes
16
Other
Graduate
11/02/2010

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Cards

Term
THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME
Definition
This area is susceptible---the plexus exits the neck between anterior and middle scalene muscles, over the first rib and under the clavicle
Term
SCALENE SYNDROME
Definition
due to narrowing of the interscalene space by a cervical rib
Term
COSTCOCLAVICULAR SYNDROME
Definition
due to the compression of the neurovascular bundle between the first rib and clavicle (affects the axillary nerve)

--caused by something heavy being placed on the area such as heavy bags or backpacks
Term
HYPERABDUCTION SYNROME
Definition
due to the compression of the neurovascular bundle below the pectoralis minor and coracoid process
Term
UPPPER TRUNK INJURY
Definition
loss of most shoulder muscles and flexors of anterior compartment of arm (
Term
LOWER TRUNK INJURY
Definition
loss of some wrist flexors and all instrinsic hand muscles (lose C8, T1)
Term
AXILLARY NERVE LESION
Definition
(C5,6)--posterior cord
weakness of shoulder abduction
Term
RADIAL NERVE LESION
Definition
C6,7,8--Posterior Cord
The nerve of extension in the posterior arm and forearm

NO ELBOW, WRIST, FINGER, AND THUMB EXTENSION
Term
Wrist Drop
Definition
due to proximal and mid level nerve lesions
Term
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Definition
c5,6--Lateral Cord
Flexor compartment of arm cutaneous distribution on lateral forearm
Term
MEDIAN NERVE LESION
Definition
C7,8--medial and lateral cords
flexor forearm compartment, cutaneous to palm, thumb and first two fingers
Term
Hand of benediction
Definition
can't flex fingers down--following a proximal median nerve lesion
Term
Positive "bottle sign"
Definition
with a proximal median nerve lesion, the thumb cannot be fully abducted
Term
ULNAR NERVE
Definition
C8,T1--medial cord
little finger and half of ring finger
Term
Claw Hand
Definition
due to ulnar nerve lesion
-hollow on back of the hand because of the atrophy of instrinsic muscles
Term
Froment sign
Definition
the thumb is flexed at the IP joint, signifying an ulnar nerve lesion--holding a key to open the lock
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