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| an idealized way of portraying country life in a more classical greek way |
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| a poem of serious reflection, more typically a lament for the dead |
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| having an unhappy ending especially with the main character. Greek tragedy is associated with this |
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| 14 lines of rhymed iambic pentameter. Can be in specerian, petrarchan, or shakespearean rhyme scheme. |
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| 1457-1603; consisted of Henry VII (1457-1509), Henry VIII (1509-1547), Edward VI (1547-1553), Mary I (1553-1558), Elizabeth I (1558-1603) |
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| English Reformation and Dissolution of the Monasteries |
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| The English reformation occurred when Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn't provide him with a son. So he created the church of England. The dissolution of the monasteries occured in 1536 and 1539 and Henry had obtained the land because the catholic church wasn't in reign any more. He then dissolved them and sold the land, but what caused the problems was the monasteries were places for medical, hospitality, patronage, and learning |
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Humanism: figures, Erasmus, Thomas Moore, John Colet, William Caxton, Hans Holbein. Secularization of Scholarship--focused on liberal arts, education spread to the middle class. Printing Press. New Genres of literature: experimentation with lyric poems (sonnets), greek drama, unrhymed iambic pentameter.
Science: interest in astrology, alchemy, and demonology. Study of Aristotle, Euclid, Hoppocrates, and Galen as well as Arabic scientific advances. Went from geocentric universe to heliocentric universe. |
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| 1603-1649; James I (1603-1625), Charles I (1625-1649) |
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| Changes to English Monarchy |
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| changes from the tudor to the stuart was because Elizabeth I didn't leave an heir and so James I, son of Mary Queen of Scots reigned as king and unites the crowns of England and Scotland |
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| Civil War (Causes, Events, Outcomes) |
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| 1641-1651 led to the execution of Charles I because of Cromwell's victory in Ireland (?) and the Parlement ruled under Oliver Cromwell as the protectorate |
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| A Republic which first ruled England and then was reformed by a Rump Parliament after Cromwell's victory. The system of the government from 1649-1660. |
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| After the assassination of Charles II (charles I heir) they crown James. |
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| Popish Plot and Exclusion Crisis |
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| Charles II heir was the Catholic James Stuart and ppl didn't want him to be king, but Shaftesbury was trying to find a way to make him the legitimate son of Charles (because he was a bastard son). After being found out, Shaftesbury is acquitted. |
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| The overthrow of James II by the Parliament in 1688 with an invading army of William of Orange. In the end, William of Orange was made ruler. |
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| Development of Political Parties and Prime Minister |
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| When James II fled England they made William of Orange and his wife Mary joint monarchs. |
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| Print Culture of Renaissance and Early Modern periods |
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Oroonoko: or the Royal Slave
Quote:
"I ought to tell you, that the Christians never buy any slaves but they give them some name of their own, their native ones being likely very barbarous, and hard to pronounce..."
Analysis:
incorporates the noble savage, makes out oroonoko as a royal slave and him being better than everyone. |
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"A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,"
Quote: "Dull sublunary lovers' love / (Whose soul is sense) cannot admit/ Absence, because it doth remove / Those things which elemented it."
Analysis:subj is the death of virtuous men, tension: men v. friends
"Good Friday, 1613. Riding Westward"
"Who sees God's face, that is self life, must die;
What a death were it then to see God die?
It made His own lieutenant, Nature, shrink,
It made His footstook crack, and the sun wink."
Analysis: Christ's crucifixion |
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Absalom and Achitophel,
Quote:
"And who can sound the depth of David's soul?
Perhaps his fear his kindness may control.
He fears his brother, though he loves his son,
For plighted vows too late to be undone.
If so, by force he wishes to be gained,
Like women's lechery, to seem constrained."
"Mac Flecknoe,"
Quote:
"All human things are subject to decay,
And when fate summons, monarchs must obey.
This Flecknoe found, who, like Augustus, young
Was called to empire, and had governed long;
In prose and verse, was owned, without dispute,
Through all the realms of Nonsense, absolute.
"To the Memory of Mr. Oldham"
Quote:
"For sure our souls were near allied, and thine
Cast in the same poetic mould with mine." |
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"Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard"
Quote:
"The boast of heraldy, the pomp of power,
And all that beauty, all that wealth e're gave,
Awaits alike th' inevitable hour.
The paths of glory lead to the grave." |
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"The Altar,"
Quote:
"A Heart alone
Is such a stone,
As nothing but
Thy pow'r doth cut.
Wherefore each part
Of my hard heart
Meets in this frame,
To praise thy name."
Analysis:Written like an alter
"Jordan (I),"
Quote:
"Is it no verse, except enchanted groves
And sudden arbours shadow coarse-spun lines?
Must purling streams refresh a lover's loves?
Analysis: criticizing pastoral poetry and wondering why sacred poetry is written more
"Jordan (II)"
Quote:
"When first my lines of heav'nly joys made mention,
Such was their lustre, they did so excel,
That I sought out quaint words, and trim invention; My thought began to burnish, sprout, and swell,
Curling with metaphors a plain intention,
Decking the sense, as if it were to sell."
Analysis: is repentant for the first Jordan |
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"Love, that Doth Reign and Live within My Thought"
Quote:
But she taught me love and suffer pain, / My doubtful hope and eke my hot desire / With shamefast look to shadow and refrain, / Her smiling grace converteth straight to ire."
Analysis: Lover is conquered by Love and Love is trying to conquer the Beloved, but Beloved conquers Love and leaves Lover. Petrarchan Rhyme Scheme |
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Dr. Faustus
Quote:
"What boots it then to think of God or heaven? / Away with such vain fancies, and despair, / Despair in God, and trust in Belzebub."
Analysis:
Medieval Morality Play, humanistic, comment on God-->Faustus =intellectual Pride and supercedes need for divinity. |
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"To His Coy Mistress"
Quote:
"An hundred years should go to praise/ thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze. / Two hundred to adore each breast: / But thirty thousand to the rest."
Analysis: Very anti-feminist and over bearingly sappy, has pastoral qualities to it signifying more of a lustful sense instead of everlasting love. |
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"Lycidas,"
Quote:
"Begin then, sisters of the sacred well, / That from beneath the seat of Jove doth spring, / Begin, and somewhat loudly sweep the string."
Analysis: incorporates the pastoral and the elegaic throughout the entirety of the poem.
Samson Agonistes
Quote:
"Since light so necessary is to life, / And almost life itself, if it be true/ That light is in the soul, / She all in every part; why was the sight/ To such a tender ball as the eye confined?"
Analysis:
Greek Tragedy format. Deals with the themes of Man's relationship to God, Blishness and sight, Liberty and Cptivity, and Temptation and Redemption |
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An Essay on Man
Quote:
"In pride, in reasoning pride, our error lies;
All quit their sphere and rush into the skies.
Pride still is aiming at the blest abodes,
Men would be angels, angels would be gods.
Aspiring to be gods, if angels fell,
Aspiring to be angels, men rebel;
And who but wishes to invert the laws of order, in against the Eternal Cause. |
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Astrophil and Stella, Sonnets 1 and 34
1
"Biting my truant pen, beating myself for spite, / "Fool," said my Muse to me, "look in thy heart and write."
Analysis: Petrarchan sonnet, Doesn't know what to write about the beloved.
34
Quote: "Art not ashamed to publish thy disease?" Nay, that may breed my fame, it is so rare.
"But will not wise men think thy words fond ware?"
Then be they close, and so none shall displease.
Analysis:sella is embarrassed by his writings? |
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Amoretti, Sonnets 22 and 67
22
Quote: "Her temple fayre is built within my mind, / in which her glorious ymage placed is, / on which my thoughts doo day and night attend/ lyke sacred priests that never thinke amisse."
Analysis: Spencerian rhyme scheme, spring: Lent, 40 days before Easter; Temple, mental landscape, shrine, greek paegan diety, shrine:catholic saint. Builds an alter and sacrifices his heart, sacralization of romance, metaphysical poet.
67 |
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"A Description of a City Shower,"
Quote:
"Now in contiguous drops the flood comes down,
Threatening with deluge this devoted town.
To shops in crowds the daggled females fly,
Pretend to cheapen goods, but nothing buy."
Analysis:
Anti-pastoral, corruption, debachery, materialism, nature=dangerous, disgusting.
An Argument Against the Abolition of Christianity
Quote:
What wonderful productions of wit should
we be deprived of from those whose genius by continual practice hath been
wholly turned upon raillery and invectives against religion, and would there-
fore never be able to shine or distinguish themselves upon any other subject!
Analysis: |
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Pamphilia to Amphilanthus, Sonnet 77
Quote:
Thus let me take the right, or left-had way,
Go forward, or stand still, or back retire:
I must these doubts endure without allay
Or help, but travail find for my best hire.
Analysis: Emotional aspect of love, deductive reasoning, Dangerous consequences of acting on love |
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"The long love that in my thought doth harbor,"
Quote:
"Wherewithal unto the heart's forest he fleeth,/ Leaving his enterprise with pain and cry, / And there him hideth and not appeareth. / What may I do when my master feareth, / But in the field with him to live and die?"
Analysis:Love is besieging lover/a military conquerer. Beloved is displeased by lovers aggressive advances, wants propriety, modesty, respect
"Whoso list to hunt, I know where is an hind"
Quote: "Who list her hunt, I put hom out of doubt, / As well as I may spend his time in vain. / And graven with diamonds in letters plain / There is written her fair neck round about:"
Analysis: Lover=Hunter in vain persuit (not successful). Beloved is the Deer, elusive, belongs to king. |
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