The repetition of the same word or words at the end of successive phrases, clauses or sentences. Epistrophe (also called antistrophe) is the thus the counterpart to anaphora. Emphasis is placed on the last word in a phrase or sentence.

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An adjective or adjective phrase appropriately qualifying a subject(noun) by naming a key or important characteristic of the subject, as in "laughing happiness," "sneering contempt," "untroubled sleep," and "life-giving water."

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The repition of a word for emphasis.

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A device that allows the writer to present events that happend before the time of the current narration of the current events in the fiction. Various methods can be used, including memories, dream sequences, stories, or narration by character, or even authorial sovereignty.

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The basic unit of meter consisting of a group of two or three syllables. Scanning or scansion is the process of determining the prevailing foot in a line of poetry, of determining the types and sequence of different feet. Types of feet: U(unstressed); / (stressed syllable)

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A narrative structure that provides a setting and exposition for the main narrative in a novel. Often, a narrator will describe  where he found the story. This helps control the reader's perception of the work, and helps give credibility to the main section of the novel.

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Verse that has neither regular rhyme nor regular meter. Free verse often uses cadences rather than uniform metrical feet.

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Two lines of rhyming iambic pentameter. Most of Alexander Pope's verse is written in heroic couplets. In fact, it is the most favored verse form in the eighteenth century.

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The new emphasis in the Renaissance on human culture, education and reason, sparked by a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman literature, culture, and language.

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In medieval physiology, four liquids in the human body affected behavior. Each liquid, or humour, was associated with one of the four elements of nature.