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Buddhism Exam 1
first exam on intro texts
44
International Studies
4th Grade
02/14/2007

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Term
Buddha/Awakened One. Birth celebrated on full moon of Vaisakha by Buddhists. Luxorious and aristocratic youth. Young adulthood was a struggle between family and spiritual Awakenign.
Definition
Siddartha Guatama
Term
Upanisads:
Definition
came before karma.
Idea that outward actions result in luck/lack of luck
Term
Brahman
Definition
buddha’s first student in Deer park near Sarnath
Term
samsara
Definition
wandering on... birth, death, rebirth
Term
karma:
Definition
any good or bad deed will result in a coresponding fate
Term
Four sights
Definition
four things buddha saw to encourage him to partake on his quest: old man, sick man, ascetic monk, death
Term
spritiual quest; left family for religion. Renounced clothes, hair
Definition
great renumciation
Term
dharma
Definition
one of 3 jewels (buddha, sanga, dharma) is te path
Term
Four Meditations
Definition
1. concentration free from sensual pleasure
2.set aside any discursive reflection
3. negate emotional elation
4. transcend both joy and sorrow
Term
state enjoyed by attainment of Awakening
Definition
nirvana
Term
location of buddhas first lesson
Definition
Sarnath at deer park
Term
three refuges
Definition
the budha, the darma, the sangha
Term
Buddha praised this man before his death
Definition
Ananda
Term
Stupa
Definition
originally funerary monument, now more an object of veneration.

shrine that the buddha was to be placed under
Term
anyita/impermanence
Definition
everything in universe is constantly in flux
Term
duhka/dissatisfactoriness
Definition
dissatisfactoryness of human suffering condition, reach nirvana to avoid this!

Examples: getting sick, old, giving birth,
Term
impermanent soul, nothing real, ignorance of this creates selfishness, realization of no self= compassion
Definition
no-self (anatman
Term
sensation
material form
perception
mental formations
concsiousness
Definition
Five Aggregates
Term
what does ignorance bring about
Definition
one of the factors that bring about dukha. To over come duhka do not be ignorant of 4 noble truths.
Term
4 Nobel Truths
Definition
1.)the dissatisfactory nature of existence (duhka)
2.) the cause of its arising
3.) the cessation of its arising
4.) the path that leads to that cessation
Term
main concpets of 8 fold path
Definition
proper view
proper conduct
proper practice
Nirvana
Term
King Asoka
Definition
of Mauryan dynasty. King was Buddhist after war on Kalinga. Now all peace lead to fall of empire. He helped spread Buddhism, shrines and monasteries, missionaries, and son brought Buddhism to Sri Lanka
Term
means way of the elders. Monastery is core. Layeity is secondary
Definition
Theravada:
Term
what were the roles of monks in the city and forests
Definition
city= teachers

forest= meditators
Term
means the lesser raft
Definition
hinayana
Term
mahayana
Definition
'the greater vehicle'

bodhisatva path
guru can help
higher wisdom
nature of consciousness
Term
theosophical society
Definition
backlash by educated european buddhists to orthodox buddhism.
Term
bodhisatva path
Definition
started by sumedha
great journey includes 10 stages, 6 perfections
Term
clarify path of bodhisatva. there are many of these.
Definition
sutras
Term
Literature- Buddha’s womb/embryo. 250-350 CE; all living beings have this. It will help them develop into Buddhahood. Bad qualities make people unaware of it.
Definition
tathagata-garhba
Term
significance of monastery schools
Definition
India needed more monks
universities become centers of culture
sent missionaries here
logic and theory focus
Term
invocation to dieties. recited for emphasis
Definition
mantra
Term
mandala
Definition
round image of celestial being. enlightenment
Term
mudra
Definition
body motion; going up and down to praise.

By blending three (mandala, mantra, mudra) whole self enteres tantrac practice. It incorporates body, mind and speech!
Term
guru or lama
Definition
somtimes called master, can help one reach nirvana.

connected to mahayana movement
Term
Vajrayana (or Mantrayana):
Definition
Tibetan Buddhism; Tibet was not welcoming of Buddhists at first.
However, they had shamanistic/animistic religions so tantra was also appealing. King Songtsen Campo brought it to Tibet.
Term
First dissemination (7th-9th centuries):
Definition
Songsten Gampo- princesses which make him buddhist, builds Buddhist temples, promoted Tibet alphabet, Buddhist texts can be written now, modeled on samskript, changed laws to reflect Buddhist codes, sent scholars to India.

-King Trsinag Detsen: first Buddhist king; sent Santarakstia from India and had Samye built as first monastery.

-King Lan Darma forces people to give up Buddhism, monk must now be laiety. He is assassinated. Fall of first dissemination.
Term
Second Dissemination (10-13 c)
Definition
-Late 10th century rulers interested in Buddhism. (sent monks to study in India, Atisa returns with new philosophy of tantra, Mahayana, and other elements.)
-Bodhisatva journey is included in this Tibetan Buddhism. One can use tantra to shorten and excel Bodhisatva journey.
Term
Vedas
Definition
main scriptural texts of buddhism
Term
Atman
Definition
means self; misunderstanding of atman is a consequence of ignorance
Term
Bodhgaya:
Definition
location where Buddha obtained Enlightenment
Term
Five Precepts:
Definition
basic code of ethics, Theravada and Buddhist followers alike believe in this.
Term
Ankor Wat
Definition
A temple that was once hindu and is now buddhist
Term
Arhat
Definition
Sanskrit language
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