Term
1. What steps needs to be taken when gathering network information?
2. What are the primary sources of network audit information? |
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Definition
1. Step 1 - obtain existing information and documentation
Step 2 - network audit
Step 3 - Traffic analysis
2. - existing documentation
- existing network management software
- new network management tools |
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Term
| What are the steps in Cisco's PPDIOO network life cycle? |
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Definition
prepare
/ \
optimize plan
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operate design
\ /
implement |
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Term
| What are the 6 phases of a network's life cycle? |
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Definition
1. prepare
2. plan
3. design
4. implement
5. operate
6. optimize |
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Term
| Briefly describe the 3 different SONA layers |
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Definition
- network infrastructure - contains the Cisco enterprise architecture, servers, storage, and clients.
- interactive service - optimization of the communication between applications and services, using intelligent network functions such as security, identity, voice, virtualization, and QoS
- application - contains business and collaboration applications |
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Term
| Describe the integrated application phase of IIN |
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Definition
| It allows the network to become application aware. The network can optimize application performance by integrating application message handling, application optimization and application security. Cisco calls this technology application-oriented networking (AON) |
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Term
| Describe the prepare phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| It establishes organization and business requirements, develops a network strategy, and proposes a high-level architecture to support the strategy. |
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Term
| Define the core layer of a hierarchical network design |
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Definition
| The core layer is the network's high-speed switching backbone that is critical to corporate communication. Some of the characteristics are fast transport, high reliability, redundancy, low latency, and QoS |
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Term
What are the sub-modules for the remote module for the Cisco enterprise hierarchical model?
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|A. |
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|B. |
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|C. |
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Definition
A. enterprise branch - normally consists of remote offices or sales offices, relying on the WAN to use the services and applications provided in the main campus
B. enterprise datacenter module - offsite DC provides disaster recovery and business continuance services for the enterprise.
C. enterprise teleworker module - consists of a small office or mobile user who needs access to services of the enterprise campus |
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Term
| Describe the design phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| The network design is developed based on the technical and business requirements obtained form the previous phases. The network design provides high availability, reliability, security, scalability, and performance. The design includes network diagrams and equipment lists. |
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Term
| Describe the integrated transport phase of IIN |
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Definition
| It involves the convergences of voice, data, and video into a single transport network. Using Cisco's unified communications platforms, it allows the deployment of new applications that enhance communications. |
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Term
| What are the 3 phases of IIN? |
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Definition
- integrated transport
- integrated service
- integrated application |
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Term
| SONA networks are based on what 3 design layers? |
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Definition
- network infrastructure layer
- interactive service layer
- application layer |
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Term
| Describe the 6 services of the infrastructure services sub-layer of the interactive layer of SONA |
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Definition
- identity - includes authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA): network admission control (NAC), and network based application recognition (NBAR)
- mobility - services allow network access regardless of location (VPN)
- storage services - improve storage or critical data, including backup and storage offsite
- compute services - improve computing services enterprise-wide, including using virtual machines on high-end servers.
- security services - deliver security for all network devices, servers, and users, including intrusion detection and prevention devices.
- voice and collaboration services - allow user collaboration through all network resources |
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Term
| Briefly describe the 3 phases of IIN |
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Definition
- integrated transport - convergence of voice, video, data into a single transport network
- integrated services - merges common elements such as storage, servers, and network elements. Also virtualization of systems.
- integrated application - allows the network to become application aware. |
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Term
| What is the suggested guideline for bandwidth in regards to broadcast traffic on a link? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 modules of the Cisco enterprise architecture? |
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Definition
1. enterprise campus module
2. enterprise datacenter module
3. enterprise WAN module
4. enterprise edge module
5. enterprise branch module
6. enterprise teleworker module |
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Term
| Describe the access layer of a hierarchical network model |
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Definition
| The access layer provides user access to local segments on the network. It is characterized by switches and shared-bandwidth LAN segments in a campus environment. Functions include port security, broadcast suppression, rate limiting, and QoS. |
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Term
| What type of redundancy should you consider in your network design? |
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Definition
- workstation-to-router redundancy in the building-access layer
- server redundancy in the server farm module
- route redundancy within and between network components.
- media redundancy in the access layer |
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Term
| Briefly describe the phases of the PPDIOO network life cycle. |
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Definition
- prepare - establishes organization and business requirements, develops a network strategy, and proposes a high-level architecture
- plan - identify the network requirements by characterizing and assessing the network; preforming a gap analysis
- design - provides high availability, reliability, security, scalability, and performance.
- implement - installation and configuration of new equipment
- operate - day-to-day network operations
- optimize - proactive network management and modifications to the design. |
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Term
| What are the layers of a traditional hierarchical LAN design? |
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Definition
- core layer - provides fast transport between distribution switches within the enterprise campus.
- distribution layer - provides policy-based connectivity
- access layer - provides workgroup-user access to the network |
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Term
| Describe the plan phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| It identifies the network requirements by characterizing and assessing the network, preforming a gap analysis against best-practice architectures, and looking at operational environments. |
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Term
| Describe the distribution layer of a hierarchical network model. |
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Definition
| The distribution layer is the isolation point between the network's access and core layers. Some of the functions include policy, load balancing, QoS, address or area aggregation or summarization, routing between VLANs and media translation. |
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Term
| Describe the operate phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| Maintains the network's day-to-day operational health. Includes managing and monitoring network components, routing maintenance, managing upgrades, managing performance and identifying and correcting network faults. |
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Term
| Describe the implement phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| New equipment is installed and configured. each planned network change should include a description, detailed implementation guidelines, estimated time to implement, rollback steps in case of failure, and any additional reference information. |
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Term
What are the sub-modules for the enterprise campus module?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E. |
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Definition
A. Server farm/data center - provides high-speed access/availability to the servers (email, dns, file, app, etc)
B. Campus core - provides a high-speed, switched backbone between buildings, to the server farm, and to the enterprise distribution.
C. Building distribution - aggregates all the closet access switches and preforms access control, QoS, route redundancy, and load balancing.
D. Building access - switches that provide VLAN acces, PoE for IP phones, wireless access points, broadcast suppression and spanning tree.
E. Edge distribution |
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Term
| Define "diameter" in regards to network design |
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Definition
| The number of router hops, from one edge of the network to the other. |
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Term
What are the sub-modules for the enterprise edge module?
A.
B.
C. |
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Definition
A. E-commerce, Internet connectivity, and DMZ - provide highly availability networks for business services; provides services such as public servers, email, dns, and connectivity to 1 or more ISPs
B. Enterprise WAN - includes access to WANs. Technologies include MPLS, leased lines, SONET, PPP, frame relay, and ATM
C. VPN/remote access - provides remote access termination services, including authentication for remote users and sites, components includes firewalls, VPN concentrators, dial-in access concentrators, and network IDS appliances. |
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Term
| What main benefits does the PPDIOO life cycle provide |
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Definition
- It lowers the cost of ownership by validating technology requirements and planning for infrastructure changes.
- It increases network availability by producing a sound network design
- It improves business agility by establishing business requirement and technology strategies
- It speeds access to applications and services by improving availability, reliability, security, scalability, and performance. |
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Term
| What are the benefits of using hierarchical models for your network design? |
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Definition
- Cost savings
- Ease of understanding
- Modular network growth
- Improved fault isolation |
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Term
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Definition
| SONA stands for "service-oriented network architecture". Its an architecture framework that guides the evolution of enterprise networks to IIN to support new IT strategies. With SONA, distributed applications and services are centrally managed over a common, unified platform. |
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Term
| Describe the optimize phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| It involves proactive network management by identifying and resolving issues before they affect the network. |
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Term
| Describe the optimize phase of PPDIOO |
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Definition
| It involves proactive network management by identifying and resolving issues before they affect the network. |
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Term
Network check list
- Max response time
- Max percent of broadcasts and multicast on segments
- Max CRCs per million bytes of data
- Max percent of collisions on an ethernet segment
- Max cpu utilization over 5 minutes
- Max number of output que |
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Definition
- Max response time - 100ms
- Max percent of broadcasts and multicast on segments - 20%
- Max CRCs per million bytes of data - 1
- Max percent of collisions on an ethernet segment - .1%
- Max cpu utilization over 5 minutes - 75%
- Max number of output queue drops in an hour - 100
- Max number of input queue drops in an hour - 50
- Max number of buffer misses in an hour - 25
- Max number if ignored packets in an hour - 10 |
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Term
| Describe the IIN framework |
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Definition
| The IIN is the vision and architecture that adds intelligence to a network, which lets it to actively participate in the delivery of services and applications |
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Term
| Describe the integrated service phase of IIN |
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Definition
| It merges common elements such as storage, and data center server capacity |
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Term
| What are some ways that workstation-to-router redundancy can be maintained? |
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Definition
- ARP - possibly using a Cisco router as an ARP proxy
- Explicit configuration
- RDP - extension to ICMP that allows an IP workstation and router to run RDP to let a workstation learn a router's address
- RIP - an IP workstation can run RIP to learn about routers
- HSRP
- GLBP |
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Term
| What are the benefits of SONA? |
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Definition
- functionality
- scalability
- availability
- performance
- manageability
- efficiency |
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Term
What are the services in the service provide (SP) edge module of the Cisco enterprise architecture model?
A.
B.
C. |
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Definition
A. Internet services - enterprise access to the Internet
B. PSTN services - offer access to the global public voice network
C. WAN services - offers MPLS, frame relay, ATM, and other WAN services. |
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Term
| Describe the application networking services sub-layer of the interactive service layer of SONA |
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Definition
| This tier uses middleware applications and Cisco AON to optimize the delivery of applications |
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Term
| Describe the sections of a design document |
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Definition
- Intro - purpose and goals of the network design
- Design requirements - organization requirements and constraints.
- Existing network infrastructure - contains diagrams, hardware and software versions, and existing configurations.
- Design - New logical topology, design, and IP addressing
- Proof of concept - results from pilot or prototype
- Implementation plans - detailed steps of implementation
- Appendixes - support information |
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Term
| Describe the application layer of SONA |
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Definition
| The application layer includes business applications and collaboration applications. Business applications include product life cycle management (PLM), customer relationship management (CRM). Collaboration applications include instant message (IM), IP contact center (IPCC), and video delivery |
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Term
| Describe the network infrastructure layer of SONA |
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Definition
| The network infrastructure layer contains the enterprise network architecture, servers, storage networks, and end-user clients. This layer also contains switching and routing elements to enhance performance and capabilities, including reliability and security. |
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Term
| Describe the interactive service layer of SONA |
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Definition
| This layer supports essential applications and the network infrastructure layer. Services provided at this layer fall into 2 categories: infrastructure services and application networking services. |
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Term
| Briefly describe the SONA infrastructure services |
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Definition
-Identity services - includes AAA, NAC, NBAR
-Mobility services - access regardless of location
- Storage services - storage and critical data
- Compute services - improves compute resources.
- Security services - security for all resources
- Voice and collaboration services - allows collaboration of users. |
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