Term
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Definition
| A technique for ensuring that a transmitting entity does not overwhelm a receiving entity with data. when the buffers on the receiving device are full, a message is sent to the sending device to suspend transmission until the data in the buffers has been processed. |
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Definition
| Control information placed before data when encapsulating that data for network transmission. |
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Definition
| The passage of a data packet between two network nodes (For Example, between two routers). |
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Term
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Definition
| Internet Control Message Protocol. A network layer Internet protocol that reports errors and provides other information relevant to IP packet processing. Documented in RFC 792. |
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Term
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Definition
| Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. A protocol developed by Cisco to address the problems associated with routing in large, heterogeneous networks. |
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Term
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Definition
| A 32-bit address assigned to hosts using TCP/IP. An IP address belongs to one of five classes (A-E) and is written as four octets separated by periods. Each address consists of a network number, an optional subnetwork number, and a host number. |
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Term
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Definition
| The separation of networking functions used by the OSI reference model, which simplifies the tasks required for two computers to communicate with each other. |
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Term
| link-state routing protocol |
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Definition
| A routing protocol in which each router broadcasts or multi casts information regarding the cost of reaching each of its neighbors to all nodes in the internetwork. Link-state protocols create a consistent view of the network and are not prone to routing loops, but they achieve this at the cost of multi-computation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Link-State Advertisement. A broadcast packet used by link-state protocols that contains information about neighbors and path costs. Receiving routers use LSAs to maintain their routing tables. AKA Link-State Packet (LSP). |
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Term
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Definition
| Media Access Control. The part of the data link layer that includes the 6-byte (48 bits) address of the source and destination, and the method of getting, permission to transmit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Media attachment unit. A device used in Ehternet and IEEE 802.3 networks that provides the interface between a station's AUI port and the Ethernet's common medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of computers, printers, routers, switches, and other devices that are able to communicate with each other over some transmission medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer 3 of the OSI reference model. This layer provides connectivity and path selection between end systems. It's the layer at which routing occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| network interface card. A board that provides network communication capabilities to and from a computer system. The NIC has a MAC address assigned by the manufacturer that is used as the computer's physical address in a LAN. |
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Term
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Definition
| Open Shortest Path First. A link-state, hierarchical routing protocol proposed as a successor to RIP in the Internet community. OSPF features include least cost routing, multi path routing, and load balancing. |
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Term
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Definition
| A logical grouping of information that includes a header containing control information and user data. Packets are most often used to refer to network layer units of data. |
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Term
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Definition
| The decision of which path traffic should take through the network cloud. Path determination occurs at the network layer of the OSI model. |
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Term
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Definition
| Protocol data unit. OSI term for packet. |
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Term
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Definition
| layer 1 of the OSI model. The physical layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| list of elements waiting to be processed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. A protocol in TCP/IP that use the MAC address to find the IP Address. |
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Term
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Definition
| Routing Information Protocol. A protocol supplied with UNIX BSD systems. The most common IGP in the Internet. RIP uses hop count as a routing metric. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protocol that can be routed by a router. A router must be able to interpret the logical internetwork as specified by that routed protocol. Examples of router protocols include Apple Talk, DECnet, and IP. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protocol that accomplishes routing through the implementation of a specific routing protocol. Examples of routing protocols include IGRP, OSPF, and RIP. |
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Term
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Definition
| layer 5 of the OSI model. This layer establishes, maintains, and manages sessions between applications. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shortest path first. A routing protocol that iterates ion length of path to determine a shortest-path spanning tree. Commonly used in link-state routing protocols. |
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Term
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Definition
| Routing that is explicitly configured and entered into the routing table. Static routs take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols. |
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Term
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Definition
| A network that has only a single connection to a router. |
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Term
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Definition
| A mask used to extract network and subnetwork information from the IP address. |
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Term
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Definition
| A network that is segmented into a series of smaller networks. |
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Term
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Definition
| layer 4 of the OSI model. It's responsible for segmentation and reassembling data into data stream. This layer ensure reliable transport. |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of bytes a receiver can accept |
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