Term
| ADJACENT-LAYER INTERACTION ON A SINGLE COMPUTER |
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Definition
| HOW ON A SINGLE COMPUTER, TWO ADJACENT LAYERS IN A NETWORKING ARCHITECTURAL MODEL WORK TOGETHER, WITH THE LOWER LAYER PROVIDING SERVICES TO THE HIGHER LAYER. |
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Term
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Definition
| ON ON COMPUTER THAT RECEIVES DATA OVER A NETWORK, THE PROCESS IN WHICH THE DEVICE INTERPRETS THE LOWER-LAYER HEADERS AND, WHEN FINISHED WITH EACH HEADER, REMOVES THE HEADER, REVEALING THE NEXT-HIGHER-LAYER PDU. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PLACEMENT OF DATA FROM A HIGHER-LAYER PROTOCOL BEHIND THE HEADER OF THE NEXT LOWER LAYER PROTOCOL. FOR EXAMPLE, AN IP PACKET COULD BE ENCAPSULATED IN AN ETHERNET HEADER AND TRAILER BEFORE BEING SENT OVER AN ETHERNET |
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Definition
| A TERM REFERRING TO A DATA-LINK HEADER AND TRAILER, PLUS THE DATA ENCAPSULATED BETWEEN THE HEADER AND TRAILER. |
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| GENERIC TERM REFERRING TO ANY SET OF PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS COLLECTED INTO A COMPREHENSIVE GROUPING, THAT WHEN FOLLOWED BY THE DEVICES IN A NETWORK, ALLOWS ALL THE DEVICES TO COMMUNICATE. E.G. TCP/IP AND OSI. |
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Definition
| A LOGICAL GROUPING OF BYTES THAT INCLUDES THE NETWORK LAYER HEADER AND ENCAPSULATED DATA, BUT SPECIFICALLY DOES NOT INCLUDE ANY HEADERS AND TRAILERS BELOW THE NETWORK LAYER. |
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Definition
| REFERRING THE HEADER DEFINED BY SOME LAYER OF A NETWORKING MODEL, AND THE DATA ENCAPSULATED BY THE HEADER (POSSIBLY TRAILER) OF THAT LAYER, BUT SPECIFICALLY NOT INCLUDING ANY LOWER-LAYER HEADERS AND TRAILERS. |
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Term
| SAME-LAYER INTERACTION ON DIFFERENT COMPUTERS |
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Definition
The two computers use a protocol to communicate with the same layer on another computer. The protocol defined by each layer uses a header to communicate. |
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Term
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Definition
| IN TCP, A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE A TCP HEADER AND ITS ENCAPSULATED DATA (ALSO CALLED AN L4PDU). IT IS THE PROCESS OF ACCEPTING A LARGE CHUNK OF DATA FROM THE APPLICATION LAYER AND BREAKING IT INTO SMALLER PIECES THAT FIT INTO TCP SEGMENTS. IN ETHERNET, A SEGMENT IS EITHER A SINGLE ETHERNET CABLE OR A SINGLE COLLISON DOMAIN (NO MATTER HOW MANY CABLES ARE USED.) |
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| A SERIES OF LAN STANDARDS DEFINED BY IEEE, ORIGINALLY INVENTED BY XEROX CORPORATION AND DEVELOPED JOINTLY BY XEROX, INTEL, AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION. |
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| INSTITUTE OF ELECTICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS. A PROFESSIONAL ORG THAT DEVELOPS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORK STANDARDS, AMONG OTHER ACTIVITIES. |
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| ETHERNET LANs THAT USE CABLES FOR THE LINKS BETWEEN NODES, LIKE COPPER WIRES. |
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| A LAN THAT PHYSICALLY TRANSMITS BITS USING RADIO WAVES. THE NAME WIRELESS COMPARES THESE LANS TO MORE TRADITIONAL WIRED LANS. |
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| A TERM REFERRING TO AN ETHERNET DATA LINK HEADER AND TRAILER, PLUS THE DATA ENCAPSULATED BETWEEN BOTH. |
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| A COMMON NAME FOR ALL THE IEEE STANDARDS THAT SEND DATA AT 100 MEGABITS PER SECOND. |
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| THE COMMON NAME FOR ALL THE IEEE STANDARDS THAT SEND DATA AT 1 GIGABIT PER SECOND. |
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Term
| NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC) |
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Definition
| A COMPUTER CARD OR EXPANSION CARD AND SOMETIMES INTERGRATED INTO THE MOTHERBOARD AND MOST HAVE RJ-45 ETHERNET PORTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| PROCESS OF BREAKING A LARGE PIECE OF DATA FROM AN APPLICATION INTO PIECES APPROPRIATE IN SIZE TO BE SENT THROUGH THE NETWORK |
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| A TCP/IP APPLICATION LAYER PROTOCOL THAT SUPPORT TERMINAL EMULATION BETWEEN A CLIENT AND SERVER, USING DYNAMIC KEY EXCHANGE AND ENCRYPTION TO KEEP COMMUNICTIONS PRIVATE. |
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Term
| SHORTEST PATH FIRST (SPF) ALGORITHM |
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Definition
| THE NAME OF THE ALGORITHM USED BY LINK-STATE ROUTING PROTOCOLS TO ANALYZE THE LSDB AND FIND THE LEAST-COST ROUTES FROM THAT ROUTER TO EACH SUBNET. |
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Term
| SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP) |
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Definition
| A PROTOCOL THAT ALLOWS A SWITCH TO DYNAMICALLY WORK AROUND LOOPS IN A NETWORK TOPOLOGY BY CREATING A SPANNING TREE. SWITCHES EXCHANGE BRIDGE PROTOCOL DATA UNIT (BPDU) MESSAGES WITH OTHER SWITCHES TO DETECT LOOPS AND THEN REMOVE THE LOOPS BY BLOCKING SELECTED SWITCH INTERFACES. |
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Definition
| A ETHERNET CABLE THAT CONNECTS THE WIRE ON PIN 1 AND ON ONE END OF THE CABLE TO PIN 1 ON THE OTHER END OF THE CABLE, PIN 2 TO PIN 2, AND SO ON. |
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Term
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Definition
The CIDR Prefix is specified with the forward slash character followed by the network prefix size expressed as a decimal number. This number specifies the number of leading bits that are part of the network prefix in this IP address.
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Term
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Definition
| 4 BYTES ON THE END OF A ETHERNET FRAME THAT PROVIDES A METHOD FOR THE RECEIVING NIC TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE FRAME EXPERIENCED TRANSMISSION ERRORS. |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE IEEE 802.3 ETHERNET HEADER AND TRAILER FIELDS? |
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Definition
- PREAMBLE
- START FRAME DELIMETER (SFD)
- DESTINATION MAC ADDRESS
- SOURCE MAC ADDRESS
- TYPE
- DATA AND PAD
- FRAME CHECK SEQUENCE
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Term
| MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT (MTU) |
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Definition
| DEFINES THE MAX LAYER 3 PACKET THAT CAN SENT OVER A MEDIUM. BECAUSE LAYER 3 PACKET REST INSIDE THE DATA PORTION OF AN ETHERNET FRAME, 1500 BYTES IS THE LARGEST MTU ALLOWED OVER AN ETHERNET. |
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Term
| ETHERNET ADDRESSES ARE ALSO CALLED WHAT? |
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Definition
| MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL (MAC) ADDRESSES. |
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Term
| IEEE CALLS THE UNIVERSAL MAC ADDRESS WHAT? |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE CIDR PREFIX? (e.g. /27) |
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Definition
THE CIDR PREFIX IS SPECIFIED WITH THE FORWARD SLASH CHARACTER FOLLOWED BY THE NETWORK PREFIX SIZE EXPRESSED AS A DECIMAL NUMBER. THIS NUMBER SPECIFIES THE NUMBER OF LEADING BITS THAT ARE PART OF THE NETWORK PREFIX IN THIS IP ADDRESS. |
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| DEFAULT ROUTER (DEFAULT GATEWAY) |
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| DOTTED-DECIMAL NOTATION (DDN) |
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| IS ANOTHER COMMON NOTATION USED TO SPECIFY THE NUMBER OF BITS IN THE NETWORK PREFIX OF AN IP ADDRESS. A 32 BIT BINARY VALUE. BOTH CIDR PREFIX AND SUBNET MASK CONVEY THE SAME INFORMATION. |
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Term
| DEFINE THE NETWORK PREFIX VERSUS THE HOST IDENTIFIER? |
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Definition
The Network Prefix identifies the network and the host identifier identifies a unique host within that network. This is similar to how a subscriber portion of a telephone number uniquely identifies a particular subscriber within an area code. |
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