Term
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Definition
| holds and protects the DNA of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| small circular structure(s) within the nuceleus; stores materials for nucleus and may be involved in protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
genetic material found in the nucleus
(when chromotin is in a big mush) |
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Term
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Definition
where energy in the form of ATP is produced
(batteries of the cell) |
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Term
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Definition
where proteins are made
(protein factories) |
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Term
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Definition
transport systems in the cell
(a membrane, transport system for making and distributing proteins) |
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Term
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Definition
packages up protein
(involved in forcing and transporting proteins) |
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Term
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Definition
special type of vacuole that breaks down large molecules and cell parts
(toxix vacuole) |
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Term
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Definition
where photosynthesis occurs
(in a plant cell for photosynthesis) |
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Term
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Definition
semi-permeable; it controls what moves in and out of the cell
(phosopholipid bilayer) |
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Term
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Definition
protects and supports plant cells
(for plants only, rigid, and has pores) |
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Term
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Definition
cell that has a membrane-bound nucleous
(regular cell) |
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Term
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Definition
a cell with no nuclear membrane and few (if any) membrane bound organelles
(virus or bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
stores wastes, water, food
(a little pouch inside the cell) |
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Term
| What are the three main points of the cell theory? |
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Definition
1. All cells come from cells.
2. All living things are made of cells.
3. Cells are the basic unit of living things. |
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Term
What are structures and substances shared by all cells (prokaryote and eukaryote)?
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Definition
| All cells have RNA or DNA, some kind of coating, and they all have problems. |
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Term
| What are the differences between rokaryotic and eukarytoic cells? |
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Definition
| Eukaryotic has different cells, cell membrane, nucleus and organelles. Pro-missing parts. |
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Term
| What's the importance of compartmentializing eukaryotic cells with membrane bound organelles? |
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Definition
| The membranes around organelles protect them and help them function. |
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Term
| Why are membranes so important? What do they do? |
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Definition
| Membranes separate ore from another. They also provide a place for chemical reactions. |
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Term
| What are structures found in animal cells but not in plant cells? |
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Definition
| Animal cells can have flagella, flexible cell membranes and cytocellism. |
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Term
| What are the structures found in plant cells but not animal cells? |
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Definition
| Chloroplast, cell wall, and central vacuole. |
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Term
| What's the difference between chromatin and chromosomes? What's the only time DNA takes the form of chromosomes? |
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Definition
Chromatin-unraveled and working DNA.
Chromosomes-bumbled and protected DNA from meiosis. |
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Term
| What barrier separates teh nucleus from the rest of the cell? How do most substances get across the barrier when going into and out of the nucleus? |
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Definition
1. The nucleous membrane.
2. They go through the nucleur pores. |
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Term
| What the structural difference between the smooth and rough ER? |
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Definition
R=Has Ribosomes
S=Doesn't have ribosomes |
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Term
| What is in the nucleus? What does the nucleus do? |
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Definition
1. DNA.
2. It provides instructions for making proteins |
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Term
| What does the nuclear envelope do? |
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Definition
| To protect the DNA. It also has to have pores in it so the messenger RNAs can get out. |
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Term
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Definition
| A little organelle inside the nucleus. |
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Term
| Why is tracing mitochondrial DNA more effective for establishing lineage of populations than nuclear DNA? |
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Definition
| Because it's not sexual reproduction, it doesn't get mixed. |
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Term
| What is the end result of an error/mutation of mitochondrial function? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between mitochondria and aging of the cell. |
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Definition
| Mitochondira controls the aging. |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)? What is the difference between them? Which of the two types is Cis and which is trans? |
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Definition
1. Rough and Smooth (ER)
2. Rough--Cis, Ribosomes, where proteins are made.
3. Smooth--Trans, involved in transporting and folding the proteins.
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Term
| What does the Gogli appartus do and how is it oriented (cis and trans)? |
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Definition
| It packages up the proteins and ships them. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a lysosome? What is the function? |
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Definition
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