Term
| List and describe the 2 phases of the cell cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| List and describe 3 phases of interphase |
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Definition
1. G1= normal cell function, organelles duplicate
2. S= DNA replicates, a centromere holds chromosomes together
3. G2= Proteins for mitosis produced |
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Term
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Definition
| When the cell splits in two during mitosis |
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Term
| Explain the purposes of cell division |
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Definition
| To form new tissue, organs, and finally and organism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| List the two types of cell division in eukaryotes |
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Definition
Mitosis- produces somatic cells, identical to parent cell
Meiosis- produces gametes, unique from parent |
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Term
| Differentiate mitosis and meiosis in terms of cells produced, and whether the daughter cells are identical to the parent cells or not |
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Definition
| same as ^ mitosis about 70 times |
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Term
| Explain the function of mitosis, where it occurs, and what is produced |
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Definition
| Occurs everywhere except germs in gonads, produces daughter cells identical to parent, normal cells divide about 70 times |
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Term
| Identify cells that are not produced by mitosis |
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Definition
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Term
| List the four phases of mitosis and state the events that occur in each phase |
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Definition
1. Prophase: chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down
2. Metaphase: sister chromatids align at the equator
3. Anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell
4. Telophase: chromosomes relax back into chromatin, microtubes disassemble, nuclear envelope reforms |
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Term
| Differentiate cytokinesis in animal and plant cells |
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Definition
Animals: band of protein pinches cell into 2 parts
Plants: vesicles form a cell plate between 2 parts |
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Term
| Describe telomeres and explain their function in cell division |
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Definition
| Protective caps at the end of cells; shorten during each cell division |
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Term
| List 3 cell cycle checkpoints and explain what is checked at each |
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Definition
G1- proper growth signals
G2- DNA replicated properly
M- Chromosomes properly attached to spindle fibers |
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Term
| Define apoptosis and describe events that occur during it |
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Definition
| programing cell death, cell rounds up and separates from neighbors, nucleus fragments, plasma membrane blisters |
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Term
| Identify the enzyme involved in apoptosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Unrestrained cell division |
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Term
| List and describe several characteristics of cancer cells |
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Definition
| Normal cells stop dividing, cells lack differentiation, abnormal nuclei |
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Term
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Definition
| normal cells stop dividing when start to bump into other cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell secretes factors to promote blood vessel growth |
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Definition
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