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cell
about the cell
52
Biology
9th Grade
12/01/2010

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Term
organelles
Definition
structures found in a cell
Term
membrane
Definition
on the inside and outside, determines what gets in and out
Term
chromatin
Definition
made of DNA and protein
Term
nucleolus
Definition
made of Rna, used to manufacture ribosomes
Term
nuclear membrane
Definition
made of bilayer of phospholipid
Term
chromosomes
Definition
when chromatin divides
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
(double membrane) has outside and inside
Term
Rough ER
Definition
has ribosomes
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
no ribosomes
Term
cytoplams
Definition
ribosomes float around, making proteins
Term
vesicle
Definition
finds proteins, travels through cytoplasm, travels to new organelle,
Term
golgi complex
Definition
vesicle fuses with the golgi has become one, the proteiens are in golgi
Term
hooke
Definition
studied nature using an early light microscope
Term
leeuwenhoek
Definition
first to observe living cells
Term
cell theory
Definition
1)all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
2)cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism
3)cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells
Term
cell wall
Definition
rigid layer that lies outside the cells plasma membrane
Term
phospholipid bilayer
Definition
heads point outward toward the water, and the tails point inward
Term
lysosome
Definition
filled with enzymes, digests cell and recycles them
Term
prokaryotic cell
Definition
bacteria
Term
phagocytosis
Definition
surronding, engulfing, and pulling in
Term
mitochondria
Definition
"power house of the cell"
-takes food molecules and turns into ATP
Term
Inner membrane
Definition
-highly folded
-increases surface tension
-more enzymes
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
1)the internal framework
made of:
-microtubes
-micro-filaments
-smaller, solid
2)suports the cell
3)allows the cell to move
Term
Cilia and Flagella
Definition
-both are hairlike structures on a cell
Term
flagella
Definition
flip around, tails, push sperm cells
Term
ovaries
Definition
produce egg cells, get released into fallopian tubes......where fertilization takes place
Term
centrioles
Definition
-found in animal cells
-made of microtubules
Term
plant cell
Definition
have a cell wall
-made of celluse
Term
animal cell
Definition
-no cell wall
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
-make plants green (chloriphil)
-mostly made of membrane
-takes the sun for energy and makes it food
Term
thylakoid
Definition
chloiphil is found (one)
Term
granum
Definition
(stack) highly folded membrane
Term
cell wall
Definition
-gives form to plant cell
-gives support to the whole plant
-made of cellulose
Term
pectin
Definition
-between different plant cells
-holds different plant cells together
-used for thickening in cooking
Term
vacuole
Definition
generally found in plant cells
-hold waste, water, and stores food, provides support for the cell
Term
peroxisome
Definition
when plants go through metabilism and let out peroxide...sends them to perisomes
-catalase will break down the hydrogen peroxide
Term
cell size
Definition
all cells are microscopic and have to be...otherwise theyll die
Term
diaphram
Definition
regulates the amount of light
Term
ocular
Definition
has a lens, magnifying the image
Term
stage
Definition
place where you put the slide
Term
light
Definition
provides light
Term
objective lenses
Definition
magnifies
Term
objective lenses
Definition
magnifies
Term
objective lenses
Definition
magnifies
Term
objective lenses
Definition
magnifies
Term
objective lenses
Definition
magnifies
Term
arm
Definition
holding everything together
Term
condenser
Definition
regulates the light coming into the image
Term
coarse adjustment
Definition
raises and lowers the stage (only at scanning power)
Term
fine adjustment
Definition
raises and lowers focus
Term
body tube
Definition
light will pass through
Term
revolving nose piece
Definition
turning objectives
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