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Cells
what and functions
14
Anatomy
11th Grade
09/25/2009

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Term
Endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
-membrean-bounded flattened sacs, elongated canals, and fluid-filled sacs called vesicles.
-provides a vast tubular network that transports molecules from one cell to cell.
-makes proteins and lipids
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
-sites of protein synthesis
-attached to ER membranes
-composed of protein andRNA
-provide enzymes as well as a structural support for the RNA molecules that come together as the cell makes proteins from amino acids
Term
Golgi apparatus
Definition
composed of a stack of about six flattened membranous sacs. it refines packages and delivers proteins synthesiezed on robosomes.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
-enlongated fluid sacs.
-they cary in size and shape.
-move through the cytoplasm and reproduce by dividing
-
Term
Lysomes
Definition
-the garbage disposal of the cell
-comtain enzymes that break down netrient molecules or foreign particles.
Term
Peroxisomes
Definition
-membranous sacs
-abundant in the liver and kidney cells.
-make bile acids and is a by-product of metabolism
Term
Microfilments
Definition
-thin strands within the cytoplasm.
-form the cytoskeleton
-have tiny rods of actin proteins that form bundles.
-provide movement to the cell
Term
Microtubules
Definition
-long slender tubes w/ diametes two or three time that of microfilaments
-made of globular tubulin proteins that arrayed in "9+2" patterns
(nine outside tubules form a ring around two inner ones
Term
Centrosome
Definition
-sturcture near the Golgi apparatus and nucleus.
-nonmembranous and consists of two hollow cylinders called centrioles whick are composed of microtubules.
-lie at right angles to each other.
Term
Cilia
Definition
-motile extensions for the surfaces of certain cells.
-"9+2" array
-on the lining of cells
-tiny, like hair
-moves fluids like mucus over the surface of certain tissue
Term
Flagella
Definition
-for movement
-sperm
Term
Vesicles
Definition
-membranous sacs formed by part of the cell membrane.
-bubblelike vesicle contaning some liquid or solid material formerly outside the cell appears in the cytoplasm.
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
-small dense body composed of RNA
-no surrounding membrane
-Ribosomes form there then migrate through nuclear opres to the cytoplasm
Term
chromatin
Definition
-loosely coiled fibers of DNA and proteins called chromosomes
-DNA contains the info. for protein synthesis.
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