Term
| 3 categories of neurotransmitters |
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Definition
small signaling molecules
neuroactive peptides
unconventional transmitters |
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Term
| define - Small signaling molecules |
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Definition
| neurotransmitters synthesized at nerve terminals and stored in small clear vessicles |
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Term
| name the 3 small signaling molecule neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| Acetylcholine, Biogenic amines, amino acids |
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Term
| name the 3 small signaling molecule neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| Acetylcholine, Biogenic amines, amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
motor neurons of spinal cord
preganglionic sym and parasym neurons
postganglionic parasym neurons
nucleus basalis(of meynert) |
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Term
| Name the 3 kinds of Biogenic amine neurotransmitters. |
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Definition
Catecholamines
Serotonin
Histamine |
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Term
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Definition
substntia nigra
ventral tegmental area
control of movement affect
emotion and motivation
hypothalamus to pituitary gland regulate secretion of hormones |
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Term
| Name the 3 catecholamines |
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Definition
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Term
| Function of Norepinephrine |
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Definition
postganglionic sym neurons
locus ceruleus
(reuptake blocked by cocaine) |
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Term
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Definition
adrenal medulla
modulates endocrine and cardovascular responses |
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Term
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Definition
raphe nuclei
regulate attention and some cognitive functions.
Implicated in depression
(LSD structurally related to serotonin)
(reuptake blocked by fluoxetine - prozac) |
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Term
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Definition
hypothalamuns
regulating behavioral arousal |
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Term
| name the 4 amino acid neurotransmitters |
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Definition
Gamma aminobutyric acid GABA - principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain
Glycine - major neurotransmitter ofinhibitory interneurons of spinal cord
Glutamate - most widely used excitatory transmitter in CNS. Neurotoxin in high concentrations.
Aspartate - widely distributed excitatory neurotransmitter |
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Term
| define neuroactive peptide neurotransmitters |
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Definition
synthesized in the cell body and stored in large vesicles
release requires greater stimulation
removed more slowly
effect of long duration |
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Term
| name the 7 families of neuroactive peptides |
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Definition
1) Opioid - opiocortins, enkephalins, dynorphin
2) Neurohypophyseal - vasopression, oxytocin, neurohypophysin
3) Tachykinins - sub P, bombesin, sub K
4) Secretins - secretin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastric inhibitory peptide, GHRF
5) Insulins - insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II
6) Somatostatins - somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide
7) Gastrins - gastrin, cholecystokinin |
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Term
| define unconventional neurotransmitters |
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Definition
| do not fit definition of neurotransmitter by 5 criteria list, but influence neurons in specific ways |
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Term
| Name the 2 categories of unconventional neurotransmitters and their sub-categories |
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Definition
i. Neuroactive gasses
1) NO-retrograde(schizophrenia)
2) CO-
ii. Growth factors - influence neuronal survival
1) Nerve growth factor - NGF
2) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor - BDNF
3)Neurotrophin-3 - NT-3 |
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