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| Seeing Tripitaka still hesitate, Monkey took him by the scruff of the neck and pushed him on board. There was nothing for Tripitaka's feet to rest on, and he went straight into the water. The ferryman caught at him and dragged him up to the side of the boat. Sitting miserably there, he wrung out his clothes, shook out his shoes, and grumbled at Monkey for having got him into this scrape. |
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Definition
• Book XXVIII page 281
• This occurs when, near the end of their journey they enter the bottomless boat. His falling under the boat sumbolizes the idea of the separation between mind vs. body, a major theme in the religions explored in the text. They know that they have arrived once there is the separationg. Tripitaka’s in the most important because he is a human. They all represent different aspects of his there, and his reaction initially, being mad at monkey, symbolizes his hesitation. |
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| The immortal in the picture is Huang Shih Kung, and the other figure is Chang Liang. Once when Shih Kung was sitting on a bridge, his shoe came off and fell under the bridge. He called to Chang Liang to pick it up and bring it to him. Chang Liang did so, whereupon the Immortal at once let it fall again, and Chang Liang again fetched it. This happened three times, without Chang Liang showing the slightest sign of impatience. Huang Shih Kung then gave him a magic treatise, by means of which he defeated all the enemies of the House of Han, and became the greatest hero of the Han dynasty. In his old age he became a disciple of the Immortal Red Pine Seed and achieved Tao. |
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Definition
• Book XIV Page 134, Dragon King of the East to Monkey
• This quote occurs when the Monkey meets up with the Dragon King before embarking with Tripitaka. Dragon tells Monkey this when he asks about a picture of Chan Liang giving the slipper to the mortal. It is significant to the text because it embodies the challenges that Monkey needs to overcome, and that being impatient wont only not speed up the process, but will impede it.
• taoism |
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| If you are really so clever, jump off the palm of my right hand. If you succeed, I'll tell the Jade Emperor to come and live with me in the Western Paradise, and you shall have his throne without more ado. But if you fail, you shall go back to earth and do penance there for many a kalpa before you come to me again with your talk.' |
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Definition
• Book VII, Buddha to Monkey
• This is important because it displays how Monkey believes Buddha is a fool for doubting his abilities, when Buddha is actually right. When he jumps to the five finger (5 ppillars) and pees he proves he is an animla and disrespectful |
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| What do you mean by unbaked clay in the kiln?’ ‘The bricks and tiles,’ said the Patriarch, ‘may be waiting, all shaped and ready, in the kiln; but if they have not yet been fired, there will come a day when heavy rain falls and they are washed away’ |
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Definition
• II page 21
• Bricks appear to be ready - you appear to be enlightened but in reality you are not for you believe that you have been enlightened. |
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| But the time will come when I shall grow old and weak. Yama, King of Death, is secretly waiting to destroy me. Is there no way by which, instead of being born again on earth, I might live forever among the people of the sky?" |
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• “Buddhist”= “one who has awakened” to true nature of reality Taoist concern - search for immortality
• Monkey says this to the monkeys he leads when they ask why he is not satisfied. It is important ot the text because it encapsulates his desire to be better, to be more, and his goal to achieve greatness. |
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| Midway along the journey of our life I woke to find myself in a dark wood, for I had wandered off from the straight path. How hard it is to tell what it was like, this wood of wilderness, savage and stubborn (the thought of it brings back all my old fears), a bitter place! Death could scarce be bitterer. But if I would show the good that came of it I must talk about things other than the good. |
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Definition
| • Here Dante talks about how he “strayed off of the path” meaning he has not yet sinned, but was leaning towards doing so. The straight path would be one leading to God. He speaks of being stuck in the woods, a metaphor for the savage and scary nature of life on earth. This quote is important because it sets the stage for the how Dante reached the place he was, and he says “our” which is important because he is saying this is the journey of all. |
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| There never was a wordly person living more anxious to promote his selfish gains than I was at the sound of words like these— to leave my holy seat and come down here and place my trust in you, in your noble speech that honors you and all those who have heard it!’ When she had finished reasoning, she turned her shining eyes away, and there were tears. How eager then I was to come to you! And I have come to you just as she wished, and I have freed you from the beast that stood blocking the quick way up the mount of bliss. |
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Definition
| • This quote occurs when Virgil is recounting the events that led to him leading Dante through Hell. He recites what Beatrice said to him, and how she was so passionate about sending him there. Virgil then says how eager he was to show him around Hell. This quote is important to the text because he tells Dante why it is so important to his happiness that he understand Hell. Virgil realizes that this mission was crucial because of the angels that were so adamant on making sure he went to Hell, meaning this trip must have something to do with Dante’s greatness. Here he is reaffirming his necessity to visit Hell and understand it |
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| Love, quick to kindle in the gentle heart, seized this one for the beauty of my body, torn from me. (How it happened still offends me!) Love, that excuses no one loved from loving, seized me so strongly with delight in him that, as you see, he never leaves my side. Love led us straight to sudden death together. Caïna awaits the one who quenched our lives. ” |
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Definition
• Francesca → Dante
• Talks of her affair with Paolo, she cannot get over the love affair even htough she is in hell. Caina awaiting her ex-husband is signifying that, though they are responsible for this act, her husband was not right in his actions either.
• Isn’t taking blame |
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| “If that art they did not master, ” he went on, “that gives me greater pain than does this bed. But the face of the queen who reigns down here will glow not more than fifty times before you learn how hard it is to master such an art; and as I hope that you may once more know the sweet world, tell me, why should your party be so harsh to my clan in every law they make?” |
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Definition
Farinata to Dante (who was a member of the
• Prophecy that he’ll realize how hard it is to come back from exile in 15 months when he is exiles)
• Indicates that those in Hell can see into the future |
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| The moment that the violent soul departs the body it has torn itself away from, Minos sends it down to the seventh hole; it drops to the wood, not in a place allotted, but anywhere that fortune tosses it. There, like a grain of spelt, it germinates, soon springs into a sapling, then a wild tree; at last the Harpies, feasting on its leaves, create its pain, and for the pain an outlet. Like the rest, we shall return to claim our bodies, but never again to wear them— wrong it is for a man to have again what he once cast off. We shall drag them here and, all along the mournful forest, our bodies shall hang forever more, each one on a thorn of its own alien shade. ” |
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Definition
| • This quotation is said by Pier della Vigna after he explains how he, himself, was diven to suicide. This quote is important because it causes great pity in Dante, who recognizes those who wanted to escape pain are forever going to have to go through it. He also explains how once the last judgement happens, they will bethe only people not reunited with their bodies because they discarded them. This ties into the punishment fitting the crime. |
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| Remember my Trésor, where I live on, this is the only thing I ask of you. ” Then he turned back, and he seemed like one of those who run Verona’s race across its fields to win the green cloth prize, and he was like the winner of the group, not the last one in. |
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Definition
brunetto Latini to Dante
• Dante gives him honor and acknowledges his greatness
• Wants to be remembered despite his sin |
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| So stay stuck there, for you are rightly punished, and guard with care the money wrongly gained that made you stand courageous against Charles. And were it not for the reverence I have for those highest of all keys that you once held in the happy life— if this did not restrain me, I would use even harsher words than these, for your avarice brings grief upon the world, crushing the good, exalting the depraved. |
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Definition
| • Canto XIX, Dante to Pope Nicholas III who sold positions in the church. Dante here is saying that he believes the punishment fits the crime, in response to Nicholas saying people responsible for worse remain on earth. |
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| ’Brothers, ’ I said, ‘who through a hundred thousand perils have made your way to reach the West, during this so brief vigil of our senses that is still reserved for us, do not deny yourself experience of what there is beyond, behind the sun, in the world they call unpeopled. Consider what you came from: you are Greeks! You were not born to live like mindless brutes but to follow paths of excellence and knowledge. ’ |
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Definition
• Ulysses here recites what he told his crew when they were sailing west, and how he convinced them to sail on. However, I inevitably led to their death. Only Homeric hero
• Journey of excellence and knowledge in “unpeopled” land? What kind of promise does he make to companions as their leader?
• Used his intellect to fool those, says the lands were unpeopled |
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| In each of his three mouths he crunched a sinner, with teeth like those that rake the hemp and flax, keeping three sinners constantly in pain; the one in front— the biting he endured was nothing like the clawing that he took: sometimes his back was raked clean of its skin. “That soul up there who suffers most of all, ” my guide explained, “is Judas Iscariot: the one with head inside and legs out kicking. As for the other two whose heads stick out, the one who hangs from that black face is Brutus— see how he squirms in silent desperation; the other one is Cassius, he still looks sturdy. But soon it will be night. Now is the time to leave this place, for we have seen it all. ” |
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Definition
• Level of Hell reserved for traitors. Judas’ punishment is the worst because of Dante’s religious commitment, that there can be no greater sinner than he is. All three, however, embody what Dante views as the worst sin because they embodied many sins : lying, hateful behavior. They are
• Dantes biggest sin is deception
• Shwos satan is evil, should follow the path of God |
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| Lifting his mouth from his horrendous meal, this sinner first wiped off his messy lips in the hair remaining on the chewed-¬‐up skull, then spoke: “You want me to renew a grief so desperate that just the thought of it, much less the telling, grips my heart with pain; but if my words can be the seed to bear the fruit of infamy for this betrayer, who feeds my hunger, then I shall speak— in tears. |
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Definition
Count Ugolino
• Each he and the archbishop are punished accordingly. Archbishop betrayed him, so he much suffer forever at the hands of Ugolino. However, Ugolino who spiritually betrayed his kin must forever feast on the flesh that disgusted him. |
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| O much deceived, much failing, hapless Eve, Of thy presumed return! Event perverse! Thou never from that hour in Paradise Found’st either sweet repast or sound repose, Such ambush, hid among sweet flowers and shades, Waited with hellish rancor imminent To intercept thy way or send thee back Despoiled of innocence, of faith, of bliss. |
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Definition
• Milton speaking, Book 9 (404)
• Sympathetic towards Eve, who will be deceived
• Did Adam do all that he could? |
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| His fraud is then thy fear, which plain infers Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be shaken or seduced, Thoughts which, how found they harbor in thy breast, Adam, misthought of her to thee so dear. |
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Definition
Eve is speaking
• She hears God talking about presence of Satan
• Talkin to Adam about how he doesn’t believe her faith is strong enough, that she is weak
• Uses his name to prove she is serious, using her charm (feminine) |
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| Let let me not forget what I have gained From their own mouths; all is not theirs it seems: One fatal tree there stands, of Knowledge called, Forbidden them to taste. Knowledge forbidden? Suspicious, reasonless. Why should their Lord Envy them that? Can it be a sin to know? Can it be death? And do they only stand By ignorance? Is that their happy state, The proof of their obedience and their faith? |
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Definition
• Satan
• Stand by ignorance→ do they just abide by god because they don’t know any better?
• Why do they listen to god? They don’t know anything, or is it devotion to God? |
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| The image of their glorious maker shone: Truth, wisdom, sanctitude severe° and pure, Severe, but in true filial freedom placed, Whence true authority in men, though both Not equal, as their sex not equal seemed: For contemplation he and valor formed, For softness she and sweet attractive grace; He for God only, she for God in him. |
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Definition
• Satan discussing his first idea of Adam and Eve
• Satan recognizes them as being created in God’s image
• Discusses men being strong, courageous and Eve is soft and sweet – Milton is saying that women are lesser, asserting his misogynist idea
o Adam serves God, Eve serves Adam, Eve does NOT serve God (women are not worthy) |
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| But say I could repent and could obtain By act of grace my former state: how soon Would height recall high thoughts, how soon unsay What feigned submission swore; ease would recant Vows made in pain as violent and void, For never can true reconcilement grow Where wounds of deadly hate have pierced so deep, Which would but lead me to a worse relapse And heavier fall. |
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Definition
Satan speaking
• Saying he could submit and return to the way things were, but he would go back to the old ways
• He will still be second to Jesus, will remember being thrown down to Hades, this fall would be worse |
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| Then shining heavenly fair, a goddess armed Out of thy head I sprung? Amazement seized All the host of Heaven; back they recoiled afraid At first and called me ‘Sin’ and for a sign Portentous held me; but familiar grown I pleased, and with attractive graces won The most averse, thee chiefly, who full oft Thyself in me thy perfect image viewing Becam’st enamored, and such joy thou took’st With me in secret that my womb conceived A growing burden. |
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Definition
Sin → Satan
• Did sin come from lust or did lust come from Sing? James 1:15
• Moment Satan rebelled against God
• Similar to Adam and Eve (cretor and creation one from the other)
• Satan lusts over sin, procreates with her free |
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| All is not lost; the unconquerable will, And study of revenge, immortal hate, And courage never to submit or yield— And what is else not to be overcome? That glory never shall his wrath or might Extort from me. |
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Definition
Satan to Beelzebub then rest of angels
• Satan is creating hope amongst the fallen, says God can never again does what he the first time. Says they have a fight that cannot be conquered, that their rebellion and study of hate and revenge will redeem them. |
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| And chiefly thou, O spirit, that dost prefer Before all temples the upright heart and pure, Instruct me, for thou know’st; thou from the first Wast present, and, with mighty wings outspread, Dove-¬‐like sat’st brooding on the vast abyss And mad’st it pregnant. What in me is dark Illumine, what is low raise and support, That to the height of this great argument I may assert eternal providence And justify the ways of God to men. |
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Definition
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