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Ch.11 Circulatory System
Structure & Function of the Body
40
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/29/2008

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Term
angina  pectoris
Definition
severe chest pain resulting when the myocardium is deprived of sufficient oxygen
Term
arteriole
Definition
small branch of an artery
Term
artery
Definition
vessel carrying blood away from the heart
Term
atrioventricular valve AV
Definition
two valves that serperate the atrial chambers from the ventricles
Term
artium
Definition
Term
bicuspid valve
Definition
one of the two AV valves
Term
capillary
Definition
tiny vessels that connect arterioles and venules
Term
cardiac output
Definition
volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute
Term
cardiopulmonary resuscuation (CPR)
Definition
combined external cardiac massage and artifical respiration
Term
coronary bypass surgery
Definition
surgery to relieve severely restricted coronary blood flow; veins are taken from the other parts of the body to bypass the partial blockage
Term
coronary circulation
Definition
delivery of oxygen and removal of waste product from the myocardium
Term
diastolic pressure
Definition
blood pressure in arteries during diastole (relaxation) of the heart
Term
ductus arteriosus
Definition
connects the arota and the pulmonary artery, allowing most blood to bypass the fetus' developing lungs
Term
electrocardiogram (ECG)
Definition
graphic record of the heart's action potientials
Term
endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of the lining of the liver
Term
endocardium
Definition
thin layer of very smooth tissue lining each chamber of the heart
Term
foraman ovale
Definition
shunts blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium, allowing most blood to bypass the baby's developing lungs
Term
hepatic portal circulation
Definition
the route of blood flow through the liver
Term
mitral valve
Definition
also known as the bicuspid valve; located between the left atrium and ventricle
Term
myocardial infarction
Definition
death of cardiac muscle cells resulting from inadequate blood supply as in coronary thrombosis
Term
myocardium
Definition
muscle of the heart
Term
P wave
Definition
deflection on sn ECG that occurs with depolarization of the atria
Term
pacemaker
Definition

where the impulse conduction of the heart normally starts; located om the wall of the right atrium near the opeaning of the superior vena cava

Term
pericardium
Definition
membrane that surrounds the heart
Term
pulmonary circulation
Definition
venous blood flow from the right atrium to the lung and returning to the left atrium
Term
pulse
Definition
Term
Purkinje fibers
Definition
specalized cells located in the walls of the ventricles; relay nerve impulses from the AV node to the ventricles causing them to contract
Term
QRS complex
Definition
deflection on an ECG that occurs as a result of deplarization of the ventricles
Term
semilunar valve
Definition
valve located between the two ventricular chambers and the large arteries that carry blood away from the heart; valves found in the veins
Term
sinoatrial node
Definition
the heart's pacemaker; where the impulse conduction of the heart normally starts; located om the wall of the right atrium near the opeaning of the superior vena cava
Term
systemic circulation
Definition
blood flow from the left ventricle to all parts of the body and back to the right atrium
Term
T wave
Definition

deflection on an electrocardiogram that occurs with repolarization of the ventricles

Term
tricuspid valve
Definition
the valve located between the right atrium and ventricle
Term
umbilical
Definition
a large vein carrying oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the developing fetus
Term
vein
Definition
vessel carrying blood toward the heart
Term
ventricle
Definition
small cavities
Term
venule
Definition
small blood vessels that collect blood from the capillaries and join to form veins
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