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ch 16
ecosytems
28
Biology
10th Grade
05/28/2008

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Term
ecology
Definition
the study of interactions of living organisms with one another and with their physical environment
Term
habitat
Definition
the place where a particular population of a species lives
Term
community
Definition
differnet species live together in a habitat
Term
ecosytem
Definition
a community and all the physical aspects of its habitat such as soil, water, and weather
Term
abiotic factors
Definition
the physical aspects of a habitat
Term
biotic factors
Definition
the organisms in a habitat
Term
biodiversity
Definition
variety of organisms, genetic differences and the communities and ecosystem where they occur
Term
pioneer species
Definition
the first living things ina new habitat like small fast growing plants
Term
succession
Definition
regular progession of a species replacement
Term
primary succession
Definition
succesion that occurs where life has not existed
Term
secondary succession
Definition
succession occurs in areas whrer there has been previous growth, such as abandoned fields or forest clearings
Term
primary productivity
Definition
the rate at which organic material is produced by photosynthetic organisms in an ecosystem
Term
producers
Definition
organisms first captured energy
Term
consumers
Definition
organisms that consume plants or other organisms to obtain energy necessary to build their molecules
Term
trophic level
Definition
a graphic organiser based on the organisms energy
Term
food chain
Definition
the path of energy though the trophic levels of an ecosytem
Term
herbivores
Definition
second trophic level and are primary producers
Term
carnivores
Definition
third trophic level are secondary consumers
Term
omnivores
Definition
use simple surgars and starches stored in plants as food, but they cannot digest cellulose
Term
detrivores
Definition
organisms that obtain their energy from the organic wastes and dead bodies are produced at all trophic levels
Term
food web
Definition
interconnected group of food chains
Term
energy pyramid
Definition
a diagram in which each trophic levels id represented by a block stacked on top of each other
Term
biomass
Definition
dry weight of tissue and other organic matterial found ina specific ecosystem
Term
bichemical cycle
Definition
a pathway forms whem a substance enters living organisms such as trees from the atmosphere, water or soil; stays for a time in the living organism; then returns to the nonliving environment
Term
ground water
Definition
 water seeps into the soil beneath the surface of the earth
Term
transpiration
Definition
water moves in the the atmosphere by evaporating from leaves
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
the process of combining nitrogen with hydrogen to form ammonia
Term
decomposer
Definition
bacteria and fungi
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