Term
| ethically questionable research (studies) (3) |
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Definition
1. Little Albert - Watson & Rayner
2. Repeated pinpricks - mcgraw
3. children raised in isolation - dennis |
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Term
| general principles of apa code (5) |
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Definition
1. beneficence & non malfeasance (constantly weight costs + benefits, produce greatest good)
2. fidelity & responsibility (constantly aware of responsibility to society)
3. integrity (be honest)
4. justice (fair treatment)
5. respect for people's rights and dignity (safeguard welfare, protect rights) |
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Term
| * ten categories of ethical standards |
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Definition
1. resolving ethical issues
2.competence
3. hr
4. privacy and confidentiality
5. advertising/public statements
6. record keeping + fees
7. education and training
8 . research and publication
9. assessment
10. therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 people, faculty + community member + "nonscientist" |
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Term
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Definition
degree of risk to subjects
-no risk (exempt from full review)
-minimal risk = everyday life (expedited review)
-at risk > everyday life (formal review) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. do not understand/appreciate research 2. basic research < applied research 3. heavy weight of risk 4. overemphasize biological research model therefore, lack of consistency |
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Term
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Definition
| make decision to participate after sufficient information |
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Term
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Definition
| desire to have subjects act naturally eg milgram experiment |
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Term
| reasearch that doesn't require consent |
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Definition
-survey
-educational
-archival
-observational |
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Term
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Definition
1. study's basic description
2. time
3. quit at any time
4. confidentiality and anonymity ensured
5. contact information - researcher, IRB chair
6. opportunity to review final results of the study
7. signatures |
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Term
| studies with no/poor consent (3) |
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Definition
1. tuskeegee syphilis study
2. willowbrook hepatitis study
3. MK-ULTRA |
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Term
| special populations - who provides consent (3) |
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Definition
1. infants
- parents provide IC
2. children
-parents provide IC
-child provides assent (agreement without fully comprehending)
-researcher removes child if stress too high
3. other populations
-avoid coercion
*research is to provide knowledge that will benefit members of that population |
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Term
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Definition
| consent is informed. competent and voluntary person gives consent, they must comprehend the situation involved |
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Term
| treating participants well post-study (3) |
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Definition
1. debriefing (avoid leakage)
2. dehoaxing (reveal purpose of experiment + hypothesis)
3. desensitizing (decrease stress and negative feelings expressed by P) |
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Term
| ethical obligations for human research (summary) (6) |
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Definition
1. benefits > costs
2. do no harm to P
3. informed consent
4. assure Ps they can quit at any time without penalty
5. providing debriefing
6. ensuring P confidentiality |
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Term
| scientific purpose of animal study (ideal) (4) |
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Definition
1. increase knowledge about behaviour
2. determine generability of other research (replicate)
3. increase understanding of species
4. results benefit humans/other animals |
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Term
| apa code for animal research (3) |
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Definition
1. justifying the study (weigh costs + benefits)
2. caring for the animals (consider alternatives, get an expert/vet)
3. using animals for educational purposes (consider alternatives, minimize use) |
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Term
| ethics problems + the internet (3) |
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Definition
1. ensuring consent
2. conducting effective debriefing
3. privacy + confidentiality |
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Term
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Definition
1. plagiarism
2. falsifying data
-manufacture
-alter/omit
-missing data guessed at
-suppress entire study |
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