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Ch 7-10
ch-7-10
73
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
11/06/2006

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Conjugal Bond
Definition
The Bond Between a mand and a woman who are married
Term
Affinal Kin
Definition
Relatives by marriage
Term
Consanguineal Kin
Definition
Relatives by birth
Term
Endogamy
Definition
Marriage within a particular group or catagory of individuals
Term
exogamy
Definition
marraige outside the group
Term
Cooperation Explanation
Definition
forcing people outside their familial unit
Term
polygyny
Definition
man marries 2+ women at the same time
Term
polyandry
Definition
Woman marries 2+men at the same time
Term
Group marriage
Definition
marriage where several men and women have access to each other
Term
levirate
Definition
marriage custom in which a widower marries her dead husbands brother
Term
sororate
Definition
marriage custom in which widower marries his dead wifes sister
Term
Serial Monogamy
Definition
Form Of marriage where one marries or lives with a series of parters in succession (divorce)
Term
partilateral parallel-cousin marriage
Definition
marriage of a man to his uncles daughter or a woman to her uncles son
Term
matrilateral cross-cousin marriage
Definition
marriage of a man to his mothers brothers daughter or a woman to her fathers sissters son
Term
bride service
Definition
a period of time after the marriage when the groom works for the brides family
Term
dowry
Definition
payment of a womans inheritance at the time of marriage to her or her husband
Term
clitoridectomy
Definition
excision of all the external female genetalia
Term
family
Definition
a married or common-law couple with or without children, or a lone parent with dependant children
Term
consanguine family
Definition
a family unit consisting of a woman, her dependant offspring, and the womans brothers
Term
conjugal family
Definition
a family consisting of one or more men and one or more women joined by marriage and their dependant offspring
Term
nuclear family
Definition
a married or common law couple and their dependant children
Term
polygynous famliy
Definition
a man, his wives, and their dependant children
Term
extended family
Definition
a collection of nuclear families, related by ties of blood, that live together in one household
Term
patrilocal residence
Definition
the married couple livs with the husbands fathers relatives
Term
matrilocal residence
Definition
the married couple lives with the wifes relatives
Term
ambilocal residence
Definition
the married couple can live with the husband or wifes relatives
Term
neolocal residence
Definition
the married couple establishes a household apart from their relatives
Term
avunculocal residence
Definition
the married couple lives with the husbands uncle
Term
sororal polygyny
Definition
a man marries 2+ women who are sisters
Term
fraternal polyandry
Definition
a woman marries 2+ men who are brothers
Term
kinship
Definition
the people we are related to through blood( consanguineal and affinal) ex. Aunt, and uncle
Term
fictive kinship
Definition
friends who are not biologically realted but are considered kin
Term
descent group
Definition
a publicly recognized social entity requiring lineal descent from a real or mythical common ancestor
Term
unilineal descent
Definition
descent through either the mothers or fathers line
Term
double descent
Definition
traces descent matrilineally for some matters and patrilineally for others
Term
ambilineal descent
Definition
choice of matrilineal or patrilineal descent
Term
lineage
Definition
a corporate descent group where members can trace a common ancestor
Term
fission
Definition
the splitting of a descent group
Term
clan
Definition
a non corporate descent group whose members assume a common ancestor
Term
totemism
Definition
beleif that people are related to plants, animals, or other natural objects, due to descent from a comman ancestral spirit
Term
phratry
Definition
a descent group made up of 2+ clans
Term
kindred
Definition
a group of casanguinal kin linked by their relationship to a living individual
Term
eskimo system
Definition
a kinship terminology system that emphasizes the nuclear family
Term
hawaiian sytem
Definition
a kindship terminology system where all members of the same sex and generation share the same term
Term
iroquois system
Definition
a kinship terminology system that emphasized unilineal descent where sibling=parallel cousins and father=fathers brother and mother=mothers sister
Term
crow system
Definition
a kinship terminology system associated with matrilineal descent like the iroquois sytem, but with generational merging on the father side
Term
omaha system
Definition
a kinship terminology system associated with patrilineal descent. the opposite of the crow system
Term
sudanese system
Definition
a kinship terminology system that has a specific name for everyone
Term
age grade
Definition
an organized catagory of people based on age
Term
common-interest association
Definition
association that result from the act of joining
Term
social stratification
Definition
institutionalized inequality resulting in differential access to power, wealth, and prestige
Term
wealth
Definition
accumulation of financial resources, material posseissions, wives, children and potential for future earning
Term
power
Definition
the ability to reach goals regardless of obstacles
Term
prestige
Definition
the social esteem other hold for an individual
Term
prestige
Definition
the social esteem other hold for an individual
Term
egalitarian cultures
Definition
groups where members have equal acess to positions and resources
Term
functionalist theory of stratification
Definition
a theory suggesting inequality is necessary to maintain complex societies
Term
conflict theory of stratification
Definition
a theory suggesting a power struggle occurs between the upper and lower levels of society
Term
race
Definition
groups of peopl caegorized based on biological and behavioral traits
Term
racism
Definition
the perception that some races are culturally inferior to others
Term
institutionalized racism
Definition
legally sanctioned racism
Term
social class
Definition
a category of individuals with equal prestige according to the system of evaluation
Term
achieved status
Definition
status an individual earns
Term
social class
Definition
a category of individuals with equal presitge according to the system of evaluation
Term
achieved status
Definition
status an individual earns
Term
caste
Definition
a form of social class where membership is determined by birth and reamains fixed for life
Term
ascribed status
Definition
status and indivudual is born into
Term
verbal evaluation
Definition
the way people iin a stratified society evaluate each other
Term
mobility
Definition
the ability to change ones social class
Term
closed-class systems
Definition
limited mobility
Term
open-class systems
Definition
lots of mobility
Term
gender discrimination
Definition
unequal access to wealth, power, and prestige based on gender
Term
ethnicity
Definition
a group of people who share a common identity history, and territory of origin
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