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| Any chromosome other than the sex-determining pair. |
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| Heterozygous individual who has no apparent abnormality but can pass on an allele for a recessively inherited genetic disorder. |
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| Inheritance pattern in which both alleles of a gene are equally expressed in a heterozygote. |
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| Cross between parents that differ in two traits. |
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| Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect in the heterozygote; it masks the expression of the recessive allele. |
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| Chart of genetic relationship of family individuals through the generations. |
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| Specific location of a particular gene on a chromosomes. |
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| Genes of an organism for a particular trait or traits; often designated by letters—for example, BB or Aa. |
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| Possessing only one allele for a gene in a diploid organism; males are hemizygous for genes on the X chromosome. |
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| Possessing unlike alleles for a particular trait. |
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| Possessing two identical alleles for a particular trait. |
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| Inheritance pattern in which the offspring has an intermediate phenotype, as when a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant produce pink flowered offspring. |
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| Dominant alleles that are not always expressed, often for unknown reasons. |
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| Cross between parents that differ in only one trait. |
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| Trait controlled by polygenes subject to environmental influences; each dominant allele contributes to the phenotype in an additive and like manner. |
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| Inheritance pattern in which there are more than two alleles for a particular trait; each individual has only two of all possible alleles. |
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| Visible expression of a genotype—e.g., brown eyes or attached earlobes. |
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| Pattern of inheritance in which a trait is controlled by several allelic pairs; each dominant allele contributes to the phenotype in an additive and like manner. |
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| Grid used to calculate the expected results of simple genetic crosses. |
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| Allele that exerts its phenotypic effect only in the homozygote; its expression is masked by a dominant allele. |
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| Cross between an individual with the dominant phenotype and an individual with the recessive phenotype. The resulting phenotypic ratio indicates whether the dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous. |
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| Allele that is located on an X chromosome but may control a trait that has nothing to do with the sexual characteristics of an animal. |
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