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Definition
•Ranges from 0-14
•Pure water: pH = 7 = neutral
•Below 7 = acidic
•Above 7 = basic or alkaline
Blood: 7.35 – 7.45, slightly alkaline.
Outside this range cells and cell function damaged. |
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Term
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Definition
used to stabilize pH
eg antacids/sodium bicarbonate |
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Definition
| essential elements and molecules obtained from diet |
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Definition
all molecules synthesized or broken down by chemical reactions in body |
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Definition
•Contain carbon (C)
•In all living life forms
•Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins |
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Definition
| energy source including sugar and starches |
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Definition
•Simple sugars of 3-7 carbons (C)
•Body makes from food we ingest |
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Term
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Definition
combination of 2 monosaccharides
example:
Sucrose (table sugar) = glucose + fructose
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Definition
more than 2 simple sugars combined in very long chains
eg starches and glycogen |
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Definition
| long unbranched chain of glucose molecules used by plants for energy |
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Definition
| long chain of glucose with branching used for energy by animals |
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Definition
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Definition
| lipid with glycerol head and 3 fatty acid tails |
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Definition
all carbons (C) joined by single bond (–);
solid at room temperature (eg butter) |
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Definition
at least one pair of carbon (C) atoms joined by double bond (=); liquid at room temperature (eg vegetable oils) |
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Term
| polyunsaturated fatty acid |
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Definition
contains two or more double bonds (=) |
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Definition
| large lipids with 4 carbon rings |
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Definition
| type of steroid from which hormones are made |
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Definition
| organic compound made of amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| organic compound consisting of an amino group, a carboxyl group and a varying functional group |
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Definition
| protein that speeds chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme used over and over in chemical reaction without being "used up" |
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