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Ch. 5-Improving & Assessing the Quality of Behavioral Meas.
Kaylene Gobbi
25
Other
Post-Graduate
10/18/2015

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Term
Accuracy
Definition
The extent to which observed values, the data produced by measuring an event, match the true state, or true values, of the event as it exists in nature.
Term
Believability
Definition
The extent to which the researcher convinces herself and others that the data are trustworthy and deserve interpretation.
Term
Calibration
Definition
Any procedure used to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement system and, when sources of error are found, to use that information to correct or improve the measuring system.
Term
Continuous Measurement
Definition
Measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response class(es) of interest are detected during the observation period.
Term
Direct Measurement
Definition
Occurs when the behavior that is measured is the same as the behavior that is the focus of the investigation.
Term
Discontinuous Measurement
Definition
Measurement conducted in a manner such that some instances of the response class(es) of interest may not be detected.
Term
Exact Count-Per-Interval (IOA)
Definition
The percentage of total intervals in which two observers recorded the same count.
Term
Indirect Measurement
Definition
Occurs when the behavior that is measured is in some way different from the behavior of interest.
Term
Interobserver Agreement (IOA)
Definition
The degree to which two or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events.
Term
Interval-By-Interval IOA
Definition
= (number of intervals of agreement / total number of intervals) * 100%
Term
Mean Count-Per-Interval IOA
Definition
The average percentage of agreement between the counts reported by two observers in a measurement period comprised of a series of smaller counting times.
Term
Mean Duration-Per-Occurrence IOA
Definition
Equals average percentage of agreement of the durations reported by two observers for each occurrence of the target behavior.
Term
Measurement Bias
Definition
A form of inaccurate measurement in which the data consistently overestimate or underestimate the true value of an event.
Term
Naive Observer
Definition
An observer who is unaware of the study's purpose and/or the experimental conditions in effect during a given phase or observation period.
Term
Observed Value
Definition
A measure produced by an observation an measurement system.
Term
Observer Drift
Definition
Any unintended change in the way an observer uses a measurement system over the course of an investigation that results in measurement error.
Term
Observer Reactivity
Definition
Influence on the data reported by an observer that results from the observer's awareness that others are evaluating the data he reports.
Term
Reliability
Definition
Refers to the consistency of measurement, specifically, the extent to which repeated measurement of the same event yields the same values.
Term
Scored-Interval IOA
Definition
IOA index recommended for behaviors that occur at low rates.

= (number of intervals of agreement) / (intervals in which either or both observers recorded occurrence) * 100%
Term
Total Count IOA
Definition
(smaller of two observers' counts / larger of counts) * 100%
Term
Total Duration IOA
Definition
(shorter of two durations reported by observers / longer duration) * 100%
Term
Trial-By-Trial IOA
Definition
An IOA index for discrete trial data based on comparing the observers' counts (0 or 1)
Term
True Value
Definition
A measure accepted as a quantitative description of the true state of some dimensional quantity of an event as it exists in nature.
Term
Unscored-Interval IOA
Definition
IOA index recommended for behaviors that occur at high rates.

(number of intervals of agreement on non-occurrence) / (intervals in which either or both observers recorded non-occurrence) * 100%
Term
Validity
Definition
The extent to which data obtained from measurement are directly relevant to the target behavior of interest and to the reason(s) for measuring it.
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