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Ch. 8 The Asian World
definitions of important chapter terms
24
History
Not Applicable
11/22/2004

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Term
archipelago
Definition
a chain of islands
Term
dowry
Definition
a gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage, either by the bride's parents to her husband or in Islamic societies, by a husband to his wife
Term
khanates
Definition
seperate territories into which Genghis Khan's empire was split, each under the rule of one of his sons
Term
porcelain
Definition
ceramic made of fine clay baked at very high temperatures
Term
Samurai
Definition
"those who serve," Japanese warriors smiliar to the knights of medieval Europe
Term
daimyo
Definition
"great names,"heads of noble families in Japan who controlled vast landed estates and relied on samurai for protection
Term
Theravada
Definition
sect of Buddhism;teachings of the elders;Buddhism is a way of life; understanding oneself chief way to achieve nirvana
Term
Mahayana
Definition
sect of Buddhism; nirvana is achieved through devotion to Buddha; Nirvana is a true heaven, not just a release from the wheel of life
Term
shogun
Definition
"general," a powerful military leader in Japan
Term
shogunate
Definition
the Japanese system of centralized government under a shogun, who exercised actual power while the emperor was reduced to a figurehead
Term
bushido
Definition
"the way of the warrior,"the strict code by which Japanese Samurai were supposed to live
Term
Shinto
Definition
"the sacred way" or "the way of the Gods" the Japanese state religion; among its doctrines are the divinity of the emperor and the sacred ness of the Japanese nation
Term
Zen
Definition
a sect of Buddhism that became popular with Japanese aristocrats and became part of the samurai's code of behavior
Term
Tang Xuanzang
Definition
Emperor who invited his true love to hang herself so that someone would be accountable for the war and strife in the country
Term
Marco Polo
Definition
explorer from Venice who described China (Hangzhou) to Europeans
Term
Wu Zhao (Empress Wu)
Definition
famous Chinese female ruler
Term
Genghis Khan
Definition
same person as Temujin, "stong ruler"; leader of the Mongols in 1206 created strong Mongol Empire' died in 1227
Term
Kublai Khan
Definition
Genghis Khan's grandson; Mongol ruler who created the largest land empire in history: defeated the Song dynasty in China
Term
Shotoku Taishi
Definition
Japanese ruler who created a centralized government (7th century) where the ruler was portrayed as a divine figure
Term
Minamoto Yoritomo
Definition
Japanese ruler who founded the Kamakura shogunate; Emperor remained ruler in name only; Shogun held the real power
Term
Mahmud of Ghazni
Definition
Turkish Muslim ruler who conquered much of India
Term
Timur Lenk
Definition
ruler of the Mongol state based in Samarkand
Term
Jayavarman
Definition
leader who formed the Kingdom of Angkor
Term
Angkor Wat
Definition
Hindu Temple built in present-day Cambodia; Construction took 40 years and as much stone as Egypt's great pyramid
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