Term
Missouri Compromise
(when, who, 3 parts, where, favors) |
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Definition
| 1820-Henry Clay saves us once again. Missouri joins the Union as a slave state. Maine (which is no longer part of Massachusetts) joins the Union as a free state. No slavery will be allowed in new territories or states formed north of the 36 degrees 30 minutes north latitude line. (except Missouri) (favors north) |
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Term
John Quincy Adams
(party, name, home state, coin, sig. events, rival) |
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Definition
| Democratic Republican Party. Massachusetts. 1825-1829. one dollar coin (psst everyone has that) corrupt bargain (Henry Clay) miserable Jacksonian-attacked presidency. no real significant events outside elections. campaign based on character flaws, not polotics |
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Term
Henry Clay
(nickname, home state, known for) |
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Definition
| "the Great compromiser" Kentucky. known for clever compromises to regional conflicts. saves us from civil war in 1820, 33, & 50. dies in 1852, civil war breaks out in 1861 |
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Term
the "corrupt bargain"
(when, why, who, out of, why, why) |
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Definition
| 1824- (no candidate got a majority of electoral votes so it was up to the house) Clay, speaker of the house, throws his support towards JQA, (versus Jackson, Crawford falls ill and Clay wasn't in top three) in exchange for the office of secretary of state. (stepping stone to the presidency) |
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Term
Presidential Election of 1824
(what happened between who) |
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Definition
| (all are Democratic Republican) JQA(Mass), Jackson(Tennessee), Clay(Kentucky), William Crawford(Georgia). no one gets a majority of electoral votes. HOR must choose from top 3 candidates. (Clay finished last) each state gets one vote. Clay is speaker of house and "corrupt bargain" happens |
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Term
Presidential Election of 1828
(who what) |
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Definition
| JQA vs. Jackson. mudslinging. pamphlets, slogans, rallies, buttons. (American polotics would never be the same. personal attacks. Jackson wins in a land slide victory, probably because of his popularity with the frontier people |
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Term
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Definition
| practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidates's supporters (Jacksonian) |
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Term
"Five Civilized Tribes"
(who) |
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Definition
Cherokke, Creek, Seminole, Chicasaw, & Choctaw
(A semi-chica went to the Creek to get cherries & chocolate) |
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Term
nominating conventions
(what, as opposed to, first: where and when) |
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Definition
| "caucus carcass" draws delegates from different states to nominate someone who could get two thirds of the vote. first held in 1832 in Baltimore, Maryland. |
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Term
protective tariff
(definition) |
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Definition
| tariffs on imports to encourage infrastructure and national economy |
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Term
American System
(who, what, how) |
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Definition
| Henry Clay's proposition to improve transportation and strengthen the economy by linking the Union through roads and canals |
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Term
Andrew Jackson
(when, party, nicknames, buddy, precedent, events (2)) |
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Definition
| 1829-1837. Democratic Republican (Jacksonian democracy). "Old Hickory" & "Era of the Common Man". linked with TJ but TJ disliked him. Established spoils system. Battle of the Petticoats(you must socialize with my wife) kitchen cabinets. Indian Removal Act of 1830. Dissed John Marshall who ruled in favor of the Cherokee. stepped down after two terms. |
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Term
Era of the Common Man
(who what why) |
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Definition
| while Jackson was president, people, especially in the West, admired him because they could relate to him. he grew up in poverty and became president and they respected that, instead of having some powdered aristocrat who treated you like dirt, they saw eye to eye. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
"kitchen cabinet"
(who what) |
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Definition
| a secret and informal group of advisors that was more crucial to Andrew Jackson than any real cabinet |
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Term
Tariff of Abominations
(who what when) |
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Definition
| what southerners called the tariff passed in 1828 |
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Term
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Definition
| umm..the rights of states. over the federal government |
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Term
nullification
(what, example) |
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Definition
| a state that cancels a federal law (like John C Calhoun (the South) wanted to after the Tariff of Abominations) |
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Term
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Definition
| to break away from the Union and form their own, independent country |
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Term
John C. Calhoun
(what under who, argued for) |
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Definition
| Vice President under Jackson who argued for nullification |
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Term
Daniel Webster
(what from where, argued for/against) |
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Definition
| senator of Massachusetts who attacked nullification "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseperable!" |
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Term
majority vs. plurality
(is) |
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Definition
| more than half vs. largest single share |
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Term
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Definition
| invented the Cherokee alphabet |
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Term
The Indian Removal Act
(what when) |
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Definition
| 1830-allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move west. |
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Term
Indian Territory
(who what when where why) |
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Definition
| 1834- created by Congress. an area in present-day Oklahoma where Native Americans were to live |
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Term
Worcester v. Georgia
(who what when where why) |
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Definition
| in the 1790's, the Cherokee had been recognized as a separate nation, and refused to give up its land in the middle of georgia. Georgia kept trespassing (which is ironic) and refused to respect Cherokee laws. in 1832, the Cherokee sued and went all the way to the Supreme Court. Marshall ruled in favor of the Cherokee, but Jackson, with his military force, challenged him |
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Term
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Definition
| Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801-1835 |
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Term
The Trail of Tears
(who what when where) |
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Definition
| 1835-the Cherokee exodus to land west of the Mississippi |
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Term
Black Hawk
(who what when where why) |
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Definition
| 1832- Sauk chieftain who led the Sauk and Fox back to Illinois to recapture the area. state militia beat them. |
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Term
Black Hawk
(who what when where why) |
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Definition
| 1832- Sauk chieftain who led the Sauk and Fox back to Illinois to recapture the area. state militia beat them. |
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Term
Osceola (ah-see-OH-la)
(who what when where) |
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Definition
| Seminole chief who in 1835 staged the only successful resistance of their land in Florida |
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Term
The Second Seminole War
(who what when where how) |
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Definition
| 1835- the Seminole joined forces with runaway african-americans and using guerilla tactics ambushed Americans in Florida, eventually the US government just let them live inFlorida |
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Term
Nicholas Biddle
(who, hated/loved by) |
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Definition
| president of the Bank of the United states whom Jackson loathed. Friends included Henry Clay and Daniel Webster |
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Term
Bank of the United States
(what) |
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Definition
| originally chartered by Congress but run by private bankers, this powerful institution held the federal government's money and controlled much of its supply |
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Term
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Definition
| a new political party that included former National Republicans and other Jackson-haters |
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Term
Martin Van Buren
(pol. party, years, belief, sig. events) |
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Definition
| Democrat. 1837-1841. believed in laissez-faire (limited government interference) in 1840 established an independent federal treasury. |
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Term
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Definition
| severe economic depression probably due to the privatization of the Bank |
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Term
Specie Circular (Coinage Act)
(who what when) |
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Definition
| 1836- Andrew Jackson's order (carried out by Van Buren) that required payment for government land to be in gold and silver. |
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Term
William Henry Harrison
(pol. party, slogan, symbol, time, event) |
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Definition
| Whig. "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too". log cabin. March-April 1841. died of pneumonia. |
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Term
John Tyler
(pol. party, years, events) |
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Definition
| Whig/Democrat. 1841-1845. took office when Harrison died. was expelled from the Whig party. |
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