Term
Temple of Fortuna Virilis (Temple of Portuna)
D: ca. 75 BCE
P/S: Roman Republic Period
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Rome, Italy
M/T: Stone, covered in white stucco.
F: Temple/ Roman god of harbors Originall Pagan temple, then converted to catholic church.
C: From Greeks, they gave the Romans Ionic order columns, pediments, From the Etruscans, they gave the Romans a porch, a clear front entrance, staircase. The Romans adapted their own by using a local stone called tufa, pseduoperipheral columns that were used for decoration NOT structural purposes, and engaged columns.
DT: None
pg. 251 fig. 10-2
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Term
Temple of Vesta Tivoli
D: Early First Century B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic Period
A:Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Ancient Tibur (Tivoli), Italy
M/T: Rather than using masonry blocks, they used a material of recent invention: Concrete
F: Greek-inspired temple
C: This temple was circular in plan, inspired by the Etruscan architecture of a tholos (or round temple), The columns were Corinthian inspired and were made of travertine. There were acanthus plants on the capitals for decoration.
DT:
pg. 251 fig. 10 -3
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Term
Head of a Roman Patriarch
D: 75-50 B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic Period
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Otricoli, Italy
M/T: Marble
F: Poritrait
C: The style of surviving Roman portraits derived from Hellenistic and Etruscan and perhaps even Ptolemaic Egyptian. These Republican portraits were one way the patrician class celebrated their high position in society. The portraits were almost always of older men, and of elders with a high held position in the Republic.
DT: veristic (meaning superrealistic)
pg. 253 fig. 10-7
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Term
Aerial View of the Forum of Pompeii
D: Second century B.C.E. and later
P/S: Pompeii/Created by the Samnites
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Pompeii, Italy
M/T: Concrete, Tufa (local stones)
F: There was:The Forum, The Temple of Jupiter(Capitolium 2) and Basilica. There was also an amphitheater. This forum was used as the center of civic life in every Roman town. (public square).
C: There was also a Basilica, which housed the law court of Pompeii and also was used for other official purposes.
DT: Forum, Basilica, Amphitheater made of concrete.
pg. 255 fig. 10-10
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Definition
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Term
Dionysiac Mystery Frieze
D: ca. 60-50 B.C.E.
P/S: Roman Republic/Pompeii/"Second Style Wall Paintings"
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Room 5 of the Villas of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy
M/T: Fresco
F: Some scholars believe that this chamber was used to celebrate, in private, the rites of the Greek God Dionysos (Roman Bacchus). Dionysos was the focus of a mystery religion popular among women in Italy, though Dionysos rite was unknown.
C: In this picture, young women were united in marriage to Dionysos.(Possible initian to the rite) This is a painted panel imitating marble revetment, like First style, but without the modeling in relief.
DT: None
pg. 259 fig. 10-15
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Definition
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Term
Fourth Style Wall Paintings in the Ixion Room (Triclinium P)
D: ca. 70-79 C.E.
P/S:
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy
M/T: Paint
F: Wall Decoration.
C: Takes its nickname from the mythological panel painting at the center of the rear wall. Ixion had attempted to seduce Hera, so Zeus punished him by binding him to a perpetually spnning wheel. The panels on the wall on the two side walls also have Greek myths as subjects.
DT: None
pg. 263 fig. 10-21
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Definition
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Term
Portrait of a husband and wife
D: ca. 70-79 C.E.
P/S: Pompeii
A: Unknown
Pa: Unknown
L: Poempeii, Italy
M/T: Mosaic/realistic portrait
F: Originally formed part of a Fouth Style wall of an exedra (Recessed area) opening onto the atrium of a Pompeiian house.
C: Man holds a scrholl and a woman holding a stylus and a wax writing tablet. This was a standard in Roman marriage portraits. These show they are educated.
DT: None
pg. 264 fig. 10-23
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