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Definition
| An institution, such as a prison, that provides all of the necessities of existence to those who live within its boundaries |
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Definition
| The socialization process through which a new inmate learns the accepted norms and values of the prison population |
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Definition
| A theory that inmate aggression is the result of frustration inmates feel at being deprived of freedom, consumer goods, sex, and other staples of life outside the institution. |
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Term
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Definition
| The theory that inmate aggression is caused when freedoms and services that the inmate has come to accept as normal are decreased or eliminated. |
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Definition
| A group of inmates who band together within the corrections system to engage in social and criminal activities |
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Definition
| The unwritten judicial policy that favors noninterference by the courts in the administration of the prison and jails |
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Term
| “deliberate indifference” |
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Definition
| A standard for violation of an inmate’s Eighth Amendment rights, requiring that prison officials be aware of harmful conditions of confinement and fail to take steps to remedy those conditions |
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Term
| “identifiable human needs” |
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Definition
| The basic human necessities that correctional facilities are required by the Constitution to provide to inmates |
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Definition
| The conditional release of an inmate before his or her sentence has expired. |
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Term
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Definition
| Release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the length of his or her sentence, minus any adjustments for good time. |
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Term
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Definition
| An act of executive clemency that overturns a conviction and erases mention of the crime from the person’s criminal record |
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Definition
| ) Temporary release from a prison for purposes of vocational or educational training, to ease the shock of release, or for personal reasons. |
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Term
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Definition
| The release of an inmate into a community supervision program |
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Term
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Definition
| A body of appointed civilians that decides whether a convict should be granted conditional release before the end of his or her sentence |
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Definition
| A hearing in which the entire parole board or a subcommittee reviews information, meets the offender, and hears testimony from relevant witnesses to determine whether to grant parole |
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Term
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Definition
| Standards that are used in the parole process to measure the risk that a potential parolee will reoffend |
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Term
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Definition
| An agreement between the state and the offender that establishes the conditions of parole. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a parolee breaks the conditions of parole, the process of withdrawing parole and returning the person to prison |
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Term
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Definition
| ) A corrections strategy designed to prepare inmates for a successful return to the community and to reduce their criminal activity after release |
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Term
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Definition
| The process through which criminal activity decreases and reintegration into society increases over a period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary release of convicts from prison for the purposes of employment. |
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Term
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Definition
| A community-based form of early release that places inmates in residential centers and allows them to reintegrate with society. |
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Term
| sex offender notification law |
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Definition
| Legislation that requires law enforcement authorities to notify people when convicted sex offenders are released into their neighborhood or community. |
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