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1. Benefits of fitness include having:
a. lower bone density
b. fewer colds.
c. greater intra-abdominal fat stores
d. the same risk for diabetes as the general population who does not exercise. |
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Definition
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2. The importance of cooling down after exercise is that it helps to:
a. decrease the heart rate more rapidly
b. reduce muscle cramping.
c. prepare ligaments for exercise.
d. prepare muscles by increasing blood flow. |
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Definition
| b. reduce muscle cramping. (pg 441) |
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3. The benefits of cardiorespiratory conditioning include:
a. blood pressure gradually increasing
b. lungs becoming less compliant
c. improved circulatio
d. an increase in the resting pulse |
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Definition
| c. improved circulation (pg 442) |
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4. Which of the following is a property of conditioned muscles?
a. they can store more glycogen
b. they are more efficient at converting fat to glucose
c. they rely less on fat breakdown and more on glucose oxidation for energy
d. they contain fewer mitochondria due to increased glucose utilization |
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Definition
| a. they can store more glycogen (pg 448) |
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5. Which activity pattern would help to improve muscle strength?
a. high-resistance activity with a low number of repetitions
b. low-resistance activity with a high number of repetitions
c. low-resistance activity with a moderate number of repetitions
d. moderate-resistance activity with a low number of repetitions |
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Definition
| a. high-resistance activity with a low number of repetitions (pg 444) |
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6. Which activity pattern would help to improve muscle endurance?
a. low-resistance activity with many repetitions
b. high-resistance activity with limited repetitions
c. high-resistance activity with limited repetitions
d. low-resistance activity with limited repetitions |
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Definition
| a. low-resistance activity with many repetitions (pg 444) |
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7. Overhydration of fluids during a sporting activity without replacement of electrolytes can lead to:
a. hypernatremia
b. potassium deficit
c. calcium excess
d. hyponatremia |
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Definition
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8. A person engaged in physically active work in hot, humid weather and who wears a rubber suit to promote weight loss is at high risk of experiencing
a. ketosis.
b. overhydration.
c. hypothermia.
d. heat stroke. |
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Definition
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9. Which of the following components of training define(s) the progressive overload principle?
a. Frequency and flexibility only
b. Intensity only
c. Frequency only
d. Intensity, frequency, and duration only |
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Definition
| d. Intensity, frequency, and duration only (pg 440) |
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10. A muscle that increases in size in response to use is an example of
a. atrophy.
b. muscle engorgement
c. hypertrophy.
d. muscular endurance |
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Definition
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11. The duration of exercise warm-up and cool-down periods should be
a. 15 minutes each
b. 5-10 minutes each.
c. 1-2 minutes each.
d. 2 minutes warm-up and 4 minutes cool-down |
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Definition
| b. 5-10 minutes each. (pg 441) |
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12. What is the predominant fuel used by muscle cells during low- or moderate-intensity activity?
a. Blood glucose
b. Protein
c. Glycogen
d. Fat |
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Definition
| d. Fat (Table 14-4 pg 445) |
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13. What substance contains the chemical energy that drives immediate muscle contraction?
a. Fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. NAD
d. ATP |
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Definition
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14. What is the Cori cycle?
a. A group of enzymatic reactions that accelerate muscle glycogen repletion in trained athletes
b. A process in the liver that regenerates glucose from lactate released by muscles
c. A sequence of coordinated muscle contractions of slow-twitch and fast-twitch fibers
d. An exercise machine that allows development of both aerobic and anaerobic capacities |
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Definition
| b. A process in the liver that regenerates glucose from lactate released by muscles (pg 447) |
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15. What cellular organelles are responsible for producing ATP aerobically?
a. Ribosomes
b. Cell membranes
c. Mitochondria
d. Golgi bodies |
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Definition
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16. In the immediate postexercise period, what type of diet enhances muscle protein synthesis?
a. Fat alone
b. Carbohydrate plus protein
c. Carbohydrate plus fat
d. Carbohydrate alone |
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Definition
| b. Carbohydrate plus protein (pg 459, 450) |
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17. Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics of heat stroke?
a. Its symptoms include headache, nausea, and mental changes
b. It is caused by heat buildup in the body
c. It is due, in part, to dehydration
d. It is rarely fatal |
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Definition
| d. It is rarely fatal (pg 453, 454) |
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18. Sports drinks begin to provide an advantage over plain water for athletes when their exercise periods first exceed
a. 1 1/2 hours.
b. 60 minutes.
c. 15 minutes.
d. 3 hours. |
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Definition
| b. 60 minutes. (pg 455 – 456) |
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19. When a marathon runner experiences the phenomenon known as “hitting the wall,” what nutrient is most likely depleted?
a. Fatty acids
b. Protein
c. Water
d. Glucose |
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Definition
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20. What may, in part, account for the reduced risk of gallbladder disease in many people who engage in regular physical activity?
a. increased fiber intake
b. reduction of dietary fat intake
c. reduction of blood lipids
d. alteration of hormonal profile |
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Definition
| c. reduction of blood lipids (pg 439) |
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21. What percentage of U.S. adults lives a completely sedentary lifestyle?
a. 13
b. 2
c. 79
d. 29 |
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Definition
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22. The normal resting pulse rate (beats per minute) for adults is approximately
a. 50
b. 95
c. 70
d. 140 |
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Definition
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23. Pat has gained about 20 pounds in the past 5 years and has come to you for help with a diet and exercise regimen. In order to promote optimal fat loss through exercise, in which of the following activities should Pat participate?
a. wearing an electrical impuse belt throughout the day
b. very high-intensity anaerobic activity like a 1/4-mile run at maximal speed
c. high-intensity aerobic activity like cycling, swimming, or running
d. low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise like hiking |
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Definition
| d. low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise like hiking (pg 445 and 449) |
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24. During physical performance, what is the role of creatine phosphate?
a. transfer of energy to make ATP
b. transfer of phosphate to muscle fiber
c. removal of lactic acid
d. removal of nitrogen waste products |
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Definition
| a. transfer of energy to make ATP (pg 444) |
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25. Your friend Bob, who engages in endurance exercise throughout the week, is concerned that his protein intake is inadequate and asks what type of protein supplement he should take. You assure him that
a. he most likely already gets more protein from his regular diet than he needs, even for endurance activity
b. all high-quality protein drinks are equivalent despite the price differences
c. the extra protein he needs should be high quality lean sources of protein
d. no sports authority organizations recommend protein intakes greater than the RDA for endurance athletes |
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Definition
| a. he most likely already gets more protein from his regular diet than he needs, even for endurance activity (pg 450 – 451) |
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26. In the endurance athlete, the first priority of nutrient repletion should be
a. glycogen
b. electrolytes
c. fluids
d. protein |
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Definition
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27. How can water loss from the body be quickly estimated at the end of a physical activity?
a. subtract air temperature from body weight (lbs) and then multiply by 5 to determine mL of water loss
b. take the difference in body weight (lbs) before and after the event and multiply by 2 to determine cups of water loss
c. multiply body weight (kg) by 1% to determine liters of water loss
d. multiply duration of activity (min) by body weight (kg) to determine mL of water loss |
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Definition
| b. take the difference in body weight (lbs) before and after the event and multiply by 2 to determine cups of water loss (pg 458) |
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