Term
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Definition
- part of the Peripheral Nervous System
- contains 2 neuron in its pathway (vs. 1 in the SomaticNervous System |
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Term
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Definition
- myelinated
- cell body is in the CNS
- travels from the CNS to a ganglion
(Ganglion - a collection of nerve cell bodieslying outside the CNS) |
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Term
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Definition
- non-myelinated
- cell body is located in the ganglion
- travels from the ganglion to the effector organ
- controls involuntary functions of the body
ex. smooth and cardiac muscle, organ function...
- receives input from the special senses, Autonomic sensoryneurons/receptors (monitoring events like carbon dioxidelevels in the blood, stretch on organs and otherinteroceptors), brain
- regulated by the Thalamus |
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Term
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
- associated with the Alarm Response, a.k.a. the Fight orFlight response
- our primary response to stress
- favors physical activity and ATP production
- in general, the ganglia are closer to the spine
- also known as the Thoracolumbar division because thePreganglionic neurons exit from the Thoracic and upperLumbar regions |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
- known as the Rest & Digest system, an older term is the"Feed & Breed" System
- supports vegatative functions
ex. restore energy stores, repair damage, normal bodymaintenance
- in general, the ganlia are located on or near the organ thatthey effect
- also known as the Craniosacral division because thePreganglionic neurons exit with certain Cranial nervesand the Sacral nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| - Preganglionic neuron releases ACh to stimulate thePostganglionic neuron (the synapse is in theganglion). A neuron that releases ACh is refered toas a Cholinergic neuron. The Postganglionic neuronreleases ACh to the Sweat gland. |
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Term
SNS:
To other effector organs: |
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Definition
- Preganglionic neurons (a Cholinergic neuron) releasesACh to stimulate the Postganglionic neuron. ThePostganglionic neuron releases Norepinephrine on tothe effector organ. A neuron that releasesNorepinephrine is called an Adrenergic neuron.
- Another Preganglionic Cholinergic neuron carries thesame impulse to the Adrenal Medulla. The AdrenalMedulla then releases Epinephrine and Norepinephrineinto the blood. These substances stimulate receptorsites on the effector organ. |
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Term
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Definition
| - Preganglionic neuron is Cholinergic. The Postganglionicneuron is also Cholinergic and synapses with the effecterorgan |
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Term
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Definition
| - a variety of specific receptors are associated with variouseffector organs, see p. 577 |
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