Term
What is the most studied and most efficacious drug for delirium associated agitation ?
What are the available formulations?
What is the preferred schedule ? |
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Definition
Haloperidol most studied/efficacious
IV, IM, PO
Regularly schedule better than prn. |
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Term
| Which SGA can be used as an immediate acting injection? |
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Definition
| Olanzapine can be used immediate acting injection |
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Term
| What are antipsychotics associated with following use for several weeks to months? |
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Definition
| Increased rates of stroke & death when use antipsychotics for extended periods of time (over several weeks) |
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Term
| What should be used if agitation is associated to alcohol or benzo withdrawal? |
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Definition
long acting benzodiazepines should be used to treat agitation associated to alcohol or benzo withdrawal.
(Diazepam or chlordiazepoxide) |
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Term
What class should be used to treat dementia associated agitation ?
What drug specifically favorable for agitation with dementia/alzheimers?
How should they be dosed (high? low?) |
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Definition
SGAs, specifically risperidone for agitation and behavioural symptoms of alzheimers/dementia
All SGAs, start low dose, increase slowly |
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Term
| Increase dosage of risperidone puts patients at risk for what? |
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Definition
| Higher doses of risperidone put pts at risk for falls. |
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Term
| What is unique to olanzapine in the treatment of anxiety? |
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Definition
| Olanzapine is available as immediate acting injection which is good for pts who refuse/unable to take oral meds. |
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Term
| Should haloperidol be used in anxiety due to dementia ? |
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Definition
| No! Haloperidol causes as much harm as benefit to pts with dementia |
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Term
| To reduce anxiety in pts with brain injury, what drug is supported with best evidence ? |
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Definition
| Propranolol (beta-adrenergic antagonist) in high doses reduces aggression. |
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Term
| Situational agitation or aggression what drug combination should be used ? What SGA should never be used with benzos ? |
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Definition
| FGA along with benzodiazepines are good for situational aggression. Olanzapine should never be given with parenteral benzos as they are associated with cardiac and respiratory issues. |
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