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Definition
| structural changes through life |
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Definition
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microscopic anatomy
vs
gross anatomy |
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Definition
micro- microscope used
histology
cytology
gross-no microscope |
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Term
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Definition
| the relationship of external form and deeper structures |
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Term
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Definition
cell - processes of cells
systemic- considers functions of organ systems
neurophysiology- focuses on nervous system
cardiovascular physiology- deals with the heart/blood vessels
**physiology often studies systems rather than regions... one particular function can involve portions of a system in more than one region |
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pathology and exercise physiology
both anatomy and phys |
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Definition
pathology- disease and cause of disease and the structural and functional changes resulting from them
exercise phys- changes in function and structure caused by exercise |
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Definition
electromagnetic radiation
2d
broken bones, teeth |
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Definition
sound waves bounce off structures
computer analyzes and creates image
pregnancy, ulcers, stomach |
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Definition
computer analyzed image of x-ray
shows slices/ cross section of body
tumor, concussion, brain injury |
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Term
| dynamic spacial reconstruction DSR |
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Definition
3D version of CT using multiple slices
injuries, tumors, brain, heart |
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Term
| DSA digital subtraction angiography |
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Definition
one ct no dye, one with dye
first subtracted from second enhancing differences made by dye
blood vessel studies, unclogging vessels |
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Term
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
uses magnetism and radio waves to look at varying alignment of protons in soft tissues and show very clear sections of body
shows cancer more readily that CT scan |
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Term
| Positron Emission tomography (PET) |
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Definition
uses radioactively labeled glucose to calculate metabolic activity of cells. identifies metabolic states of various tissues.
cancer patients, brain activity |
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Term
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Definition
Reproductive
Urinary
Nervous
Muscular
Respiratory
Skeletal
Lymphatic
Integumentary
Digestive
Endocrine
Cardiovascular |
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Term
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Definition
1. protection
2. temp regulation
3.water retention
4. production of vitamin D
*skin *nails *hair *sweat glands |
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Term
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Definition
1. provides support
2. allows movement
3. protection
4. blood cell production
5. stores minerals and fat
*bones *cartilage *ligaments * joints |
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Term
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Definition
1. maintains posture
2. produces heat
3. provides movement
*muscles and *tendons that attach them to skelton |
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Term
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Definition
1. removes foreign substances from lymph and blood
2. controls tissue fluid balance
3. fights disease
4.absorbs fats from the digestive tract
*lymphatic vessels *lymph nodes *other lymphatic organs
tonsils, thymus, axillary lymph node, lymphatic vessel, mammary plexus, thoracic duct, spleen, inguinal lymph node |
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Term
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Definition
1. exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air
2. regulates blood pH
* lungs *respiratory passages *nasal cavity *pharynx or throat * trachea *bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
1. performs the mechanical an chemical processes of digestion
2. absorption of nutrients
3. elimination of wastes
*mouth *esophagus *stomach *intestines *pharynx *rectum *anus *appendix *liver *gallbladder |
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Term
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Definition
1. detects sensations
2.controls movements
3. controls physiological processes
4. controls intellectual functions
*brain *spinal chord *nerves *sensory receptors *cauda equina |
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Term
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Definition
1. influences metabolism
2. growth
3. reproduction
*glands *hormones
*hypothalamus *pituitary *pineal gland *thyroid *parathyroid *thymus *adrenals *pancreas *ovaries *testes |
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Term
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Definition
1. transports nutrients
2. transports waste products
3. transports gasses
4. transports hormones
5. plays a role in immune response
6. regulation of temperature
*heart *blood vessels *blood |
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Term
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Definition
1. removes waste products from blood
2. regulates blood pH, ion balance
3.regulates water balance
*kidneys *urinary bladder *ducts that carry urine
*kidney *ureter *urinary bladder *urethra |
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Term
| female reproductive system |
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Definition
1. produces oocytes
2. site of fertilization/ fetal development
3.produces milk for newborn
4. produces hormones influencing sexual function and behavior
*ovaries *vagina *uterus *mammary glands |
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Term
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Definition
1. produces and transfers sperm cells
2. produces hormones that influence sexual functions and behavior
*testes *ducts *penis |
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Term
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Definition
organization
metabolism
growth
reproduction
responsiveness
development |
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Term
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Definition
| change in cell structure and function |
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Term
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Definition
| change in the shape of tissues, organs, or entire organism |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| up, toward the head (cephalic only used to describe directionally movements on trunk) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| structure close to surface of body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
frontal (forehead)
orbital (eyes)
nasal (nose)
oral (mouth)
otic (ear)
mental (chin)
buccal (cheek) |
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Term
| Thoracic region parts front (part of trunk) |
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Definition
pectoral (chest)
sternal (breastbone)
mammary (breast) |
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Term
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Definition
clavicular(collar bone)
cervical (neck) |
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Term
| abdomino pelvic region parts front (part of trunk) |
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Definition
abdominal (abdomen)
umbilical (naval)
pelvic (pelvis)
inguinal (groin)
pubic (genital) |
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Term
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Definition
axillary (arm pit)
brachial (arm)
antecubital (front of elbow)
antebrachial (forearm)
carpal (wrist)
manual (hand)
palmar (palm)
Digital (fingers) |
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Term
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Definition
coxal (hip)
femoral (thigh)
patellar (kneecap)
crural (leg)
pedal (foot)
tallus (ankle)
dorsum (top of foot)
digital (toes) |
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Term
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Definition
cranial (skul)
Occipital (base of skull)
nuchal (back of neck) |
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Term
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Definition
dorsal (back)
scapular (shoulder blade)
vertebral (spinal column)
lumbar (loin)
sacral (between hips)
gluteal (buttocks)
perineal (perineum) |
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Term
| upper limb region parts back |
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Definition
acromial (point of shoulder)
olecranon (point of elbow)
dorsum (back of hand) |
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Term
| lower limb region parts back |
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Definition
popliteal (hollow behind knee)
sural(calf)
plantar (sole)
calcaneal (heel) |
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Term
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Definition
right upper hypochondriac
epigastric region
left upper hypochondriac
right lumbar region
umbilical region
left lumbar region
right iliac region
hypogastric region
left iliac region |
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Term
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Definition
sagittal- cut vertically
median-sagittal plane that divides body left and right
frontal/coronal- divides body into anterior and posterior
transverse/horizontal- runs parallel to ground dividing body into superior and inferior |
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Term
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Definition
longitudinal- cut through long axis of organ
transverse/cross- cut at right angle to long axis
oblique- cut made at angle |
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Term
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Definition
the rib cage surrounds it
diaphragm separates it from abdominal cavity
divided by mediastinum (thymus, heart,trachea, esoph)
lungs on either side |
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Term
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Definition
| abdominal muscles primarily enclose it contains stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
pelvic bones encase the space
contains bladder, part of large intestine, and the internal reproductive organs |
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Term
serous membranes
visceral vs parietal |
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Definition
surround body cavities and cover organs
visceral- inside layer
parietal-outside layer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| refers to lungs and thoracic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to abdominopelvic cavity |
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