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Chapter 22
Ecosystems and the Biosphere
16
Biology
9th Grade
12/15/2009

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Term
Producers
Definition
autotrophs that make organic molecules
Term
Chemosynthesis
Definition
produce carbohydrates by using energy from inorganic molecules
Term
Biomass
Definition
the organic material in an ecosystem
Term
Consumers
Definition
heterotrophs
Term
Trophic Level
Definition
indicates the organism's position in the sequence of energy transfer
Term
Food Web
Definition
interrelated food chains in an ecosystem
Term
Biogeochemical Cycle
Definition
movement from abiotic to living things and back again
Term
Nitrogen Fixation
Definition
the process of converting nitrogen gas to nitrate
Term
Ammonification
Definition
reintroduction of nitrogen to the ecosystem that would have been lost
Term
Denitrifacation
Definition
occurs when anaerobic bacteria break down nitrates and release nitrogen gas
Term
Photic Zone
Definition
the part of the ocean that receives sunlight
Term
Aphotic Zone
Definition
cold and dark depths of the ocean where sunlight cannot penetrate
Term
Intertidal Zone
Definition
area along ocean shores where the tides produce a rythmic rise and fall of the water level
Term
Plankton
Definition
communities of small organisms that drift with the ocean currents
Term
Eutrophic
Definition
rich in organic matter and vegetation
Term
Oligotrophic
Definition
little organic matter
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