Term
| What are the components of the Respiratory System? |
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Definition
-Nose and nasal cavity
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchial tree
-Lungs |
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Term
| What are the two main regions of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
-Conducting zone: nasal cavity to terminal bronchioles
-Respiratory zones: respiratory bronchioles to alveoli |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the conduction zone? |
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Definition
| Conducts airs (warms, moisten, cleanse air coming in) |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the respiratory zone? |
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Definition
exchange of gases from respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
[image] |
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Term
| What are the boundaries of your nasal cavity? |
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Definition
roof: ethmoid & sphenoid bones
floor: maxillary & palatine
nasal septum: ethmoid & vomer
lateral wall: ethmoid, inferior nasal concha & palatine |
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Term
| Where are the internal nares located? |
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Definition
posterior of the nasal passage, between nasal cavity & throat
[image] |
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Term
| What bones form the roof of the nasal cavity? floor? nasal septum? lateral wall? |
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Definition
roof: ethmoid & sphenoid
floor: maxillary & palatine
nasal septum: ethmoid & vomer
later wall: ethmoid, inferior nasal concha & palatine |
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Term
| What is the function and location of the olfactory mucosa? |
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Definition
function: receptors of the sense smell (CN I)
location: near roof of nasal cavity |
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Term
| What passes through the olfactory foramina? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific type of epithelium lines most of the resp. system? |
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Definition
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar ept. w goblet cells |
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Term
| What do goblet cells represent? What do they produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the 3 regions of the pharynx? 2 functions? |
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Definition
Nasopharynx: airway passage only
Oropharynx: passage way for food & air
Laryngopharynx: passageway for food & air |
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Term
| Where are the tonsils located in the pharynx? |
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Definition
in the oropharynx, lateral walls of the fauces
[image] |
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Term
| Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located? What are adenoids? |
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Definition
in the nasopharynx, roof of the mouth, behind soft palet where nose connects to throat
[image]
adenoids produce antibodies that help fight infections |
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Term
| What is the significance of the Eustachian or auditory tube? Location? |
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Definition
it connects and clears mucus the middle ear cavity with nasopharynx
[image] |
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Term
| What vertebral level is the larynx located at? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of cartilages are in the larynx? |
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Definition
-thyroid cartilage
-cricoid cartilage
-epiglottis |
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Term
| What is the rima glottidis? |
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Definition
opening between true vocal cords and arytenoid cartilages
[image] |
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Term
| What happens to the pitch of a sound when the vocal ligaments (elastic fibers) are pulled tight? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the larynx? |
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Definition
-speech
-air pathway
-swallowing |
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Term
| What are the boundaries of the trachea? |
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Definition
| starts below cricoid cartilage and ends with the carina (where it splits to two primary bronchi) |
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Term
| What is the structure of the wall of the trachea? |
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Definition
| Supported by c-shaped hyaline cartilaginous rings |
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Term
| What is the purpose of trachealis muscle in the trachea? |
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Definition
| smooth muscle that closes the open end of the C |
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Term
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Definition
| Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue with goblet cells |
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Term
| What is the functions of the goblet cells and cilia in the ept. cells in the trachea? |
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Definition
| They produce mucus to trap foreign particles in your resp. system, then they are moved by cilia |
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Term
| What is the order of the bronchi branching? |
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Definition
| primary > secondary > tertiary |
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Term
| How many lobar (secondary) branches are in the R lung? L lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are terminal bronchioles? |
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Definition
| Last order of bronchioles that are still part of the conducting portion of respiratory system |
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Term
| What is the structure of a respiratory bronchiole? |
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Definition
| microscopic and they begin the respiratory portion of the respiratory system |
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Term
| What and where are the alveoli? |
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Definition
| they are continuous with the respiratory bronchioles and is where gas exchange occurs |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of alveolar cells that line the the alveolar wall? |
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Definition
type 1: simple squamous ept. (discontinuous lining)
type 2: septal cell (surficant and lowers water tension)
type 3: macrophages (clean out small particles in the lung ie. dust) |
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Term
| What disease is related to absence or insufficient surfactant production? Why is this more common in preemies? |
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Definition
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome or Hyaline Membrane Disease, it's more common in preemies bc it's due to immature lungs |
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Term
| What do the macrophages in alveoli do? |
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Definition
| removed inhaled particles not trapped by mucus |
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Term
| Is there a basal lamina in type 1 ept.? |
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Definition
| Yes, it's surrounded by a delicate basal lamina |
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Term
| Where is the pulmonary capillaries in the lungs located? |
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Definition
| in the septal wall, between the alveoli |
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Term
| What is the lining epithelium of the pulmonary capillaries and is there a basal lamina? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the components of the respiratory membrane? |
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Definition
-cytoplasm of type 1 (simple squamous ept.) alveolar cell
-fused basal laminae
-endothelial cells |
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Term
| Describe the diffusion of gases in the alveoli |
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Definition
-gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide
-simple diffusion (moves down concentration gradient) |
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Term
| What are the locations of the 2 layers of pleural membranes and the cavity between? |
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Definition
-the parietal pluera lines the inside of the rib cage and diaphram
-the visceral pleura covers the lungs
-the pleural cavity is between them |
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Term
| What is the function of the pleural fluid? |
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Definition
| lubrication to allow the pleurae to slide against each other |
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Term
| Where are the surfaces and apex of the lungs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the bronchi and CT of the lungs? |
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Definition
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