Term
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Definition
| consists of a network of lymphatic vessels, lymphoid tissues and lympoid organs |
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Term
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Definition
| delives lymph from the peripheral tissues to the venous system; outside to inside! |
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Term
| What does Lymph consist of? |
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Definition
| intersitial fluid, lymphocytes, and macrophages |
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Term
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
- produce, maintain, and distribute lymphocytes
- maintain normal blood volume and eliminate local variations in composition of intersitial fluid
- provide alternate route for the transport of hormones, nutrients, and waste products
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Term
| Primary lymphoid structures |
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Definition
| contain stem cells that divide to produce B, T, or NK cells |
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Term
| secondary lymphoid structures |
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Definition
| immature or activated lymphocytes divide to produce additional lymphocytes of the same type |
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Term
| Lymphatic vessels AKA lymphatics |
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Definition
| carry lymph from peripheral tissues to venous system |
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Term
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Definition
- thin walls
- irregular outline
- walls are one way valve- intersitial can pass into capillary but cannot escape
- low lymph pressure
- absorb viruses and bacteria and debri
- present in almost every tissue in the body except areas where there is a lack of blood supply
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Term
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Definition
| comparable to veins, valves prevent backflow of lymph, smooth muscle in walls, typically found in association with blood vessels |
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Term
| Major Lymph-Collecting Vessels |
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Definition
| two types, superficial lymphatics travel with superficial veins, deep lymphatics accompany deep arteries and veins |
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Term
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Definition
| where superficial and deep lymphatics converge to form larger vessels |
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Term
| What are the 5 lymphatic trunks? |
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Definition
- lumbar trunk
- intestinal trunks
- bronchomediastinal trunks
- subclavian trunks
- jugular trunks
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Term
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Definition
| collecting vessels where the lymphatic trunks empty that deliver lymph to the venous circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| collects lymph from both sides of the body inferior to the diaphragm and from the left side of the body superior to the diphragm |
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Term
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Definition
| collects lymph from the right side of the body superior to the diaphragm |
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Term
| What do lymphocytes respond to? |
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Definition
- invading organisms: bacteria and viruses
- abnormal body cells such as cancer cells
- foreign proteins such as toxins released from some bacteria
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Term
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Definition
| main cells of lymphatic system, attempt to eliminate threats, initiate immune response |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of lymphocytes? |
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Definition
- T cells (thymus dependent) 80%
- B cells (bone marrow derived) 10-15%
- NK cells (natural killer) 5-10%
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Term
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Definition
| goal of destruction or inactivation of pathogens/foreign molecules |
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Term
| What are the 2 ways an immune response is initiated? |
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Definition
- direct attack by t cells
- attack by circulating antibodies released by plasma
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Term
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Definition
| lymphocyte production; occurs in bone marrow and thymus |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissues dominated by lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| lymphocytes are densely packed in the loose connective tissue lining the respiratory, diestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts |
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Term
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Definition
- small, oval shaped
- blood vessels and nerves attach to lymph node
- afferent(towards) and efferent(away) lymphatics attach to every lymph node
- lymph nodes filter and purify lymph before it reaches venous system
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Term
| With age the lymphatic system becomes less effective in a variety of ways.. |
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Definition
- T cells become less responsive to antigens
- number of T cells is reduced
- B cells are less responsive
- antibody levels do not rise as fast after antigen exposure
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