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| conservation of angular momentum |
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| The law of physics stating that the total amount of angular momentum in an isolated system remains constant. |
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| The study of the formation, organization, and evolution of the universe |
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| The gradual, eastward apparent motion of a planet against the background stars as seen from Earth. |
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| A closed curve obtained by cutting completely through a circular cone with a plane; the shape of planetary orbits |
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| A theory of the formation and evolution of the solar system with the Sun at the center |
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First Law: The orbit of a planet about the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. Second law: A line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time. Third law: The square of a planet's sidereal period around the sun is directly proportional to the cube of the length of its orbit's semimajor axis |
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| The energy an object has as a result of its motion |
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| law of equal areas, on page 47 |
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Definition
Also known as Kepler's second law... A line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out an equal area in equal intervals of time. Planets speed decreases as it moves from perihelion to aphelion but its speed will increase when moving from the aphelion towards the perihelion |
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Also known as Newton's first law A body remains at rest or moves in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by a net outside force. |
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| law of universal gravitation 56 |
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Definition
Newtons' law of universal gravitation Two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. |
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| Newton's laws of motion, 51 |
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Definition
Consists of 3 laws... First Law: Inertia law A body remains at rest or moves in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by a net outside force Second Law: the force law The acceleeration of an object is proportional to the foce acting on it Third Law: the law of action and reaction Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first body. |
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| the apparent displacement of an object relative to more distant objects caused by viewing it from different locations |
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| the occasional backward (that is, westward)apparent motion of a planet against the background stars as seen from Earth. Retrograde motion is an optical illusion |
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| A quantity that specifies both direction and speed of an object |
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| the force with which a body presses down on the surface of the Earth |
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| a measure of the total amount of material in an object |
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