Term
| How are living things organized structurally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is meant by homeostasis? |
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Definition
| is a state in which the internal environment is being maintained within a range that cells can tolerate. |
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Term
| Why is the term homeostasis important relative to multicellular organisms? |
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Definition
| Because feedback mechanisms help control what goes on in cells therefore having major homeostatic controls over how the multi-celled body functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anatomy is the study of an organisms form |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the study of how the body functions |
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Term
| Compare Growth and Development |
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Definition
Growth is increasing the number, size, and volume of cells.
And Development is a series of stages in which specialized tissues, organs, and organ systems form. |
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Term
| What are some of the over riding principles that govern multicellular organisms? |
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Definition
- Must impact each cell individually
- Ability to diffuse ( allow inherent energy to move particles)
- Large surface area ( large surface to volume ratio for diffusion) |
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Term
| What are some of the recurring challenges impacting plants and animals? |
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Definition
-All plants and animals must accomplish certain task
-Gas exchange
-Internal transport
-Maintaining solute water balance
-integrating signals |
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Term
| What is long term adaptation? |
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Definition
| A heritable aspect of form, function, behavior, or development that contributes to the fit between an individual and its environment |
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Term
| What is intracellular fluid? Extracellular fluid? Interstitial fluid? Plasma? |
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Definition
-Intracellular
-Extracellular fluid is fluid outside of the cell
-Interstitial fluid lies between cells
-Plasma is the fluid portion of the blood |
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Term
| How do cells communicate? |
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Definition
- Chemical Signals
- Electrical |
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Term
| How do variations in resources, predation, habitat impact organisms? |
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Definition
Challenges differ among habitats
-Physical resources vary
Water
Nutrients
Temperature
-Biological components vary
Predators
Competition |
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Term
| What similarities do we see despite diversity? |
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Definition
| Despite all this diversity, we still see similar responses to similar challenges |
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Term
| About how many cells does an adult human have? |
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Definition
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Term
| About how much fluid is in an adult human body? |
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Definition
| About 15 liters, 4 gallons |
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Term
| What are three components to a feedback system? |
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Definition
| Receptor, Integrator, Effector |
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Term
| Explain how negative feedback system works |
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Definition
Some activity alters a condition in the internal environment.
Alteration triggers a response.
Response reverses the altered condition. |
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Term
| How does positive feedback/feed forward system work? examples? |
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Definition
Some activity alters the internal environment. The alteration triggers a response. The response intensifies the change in the internal condition
Example: during labor, the fetus exerts pressure on the wall of the uterus. Contractions exert pressure on the fetus, which puts pressure on the wall to expand. |
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Term
| What is the main difference between plants and animals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some limitations to a plant that gets infected? |
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Definition
-Can't escape
-no immune system |
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Term
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Definition
-infected cells release defensive chemicals
-local and distant cells get some protection
-compartmentalization:wall around area thickens, toxins and resins are produced at the site. |
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Term
| Why might a plant "leaf fold"? |
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Definition
| Folding reduces evaporative water loss |
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Term
| What is a circadian rhythm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three main components to cellular communication within a cell? |
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Definition
Activation of a receptor
Transduction of the signal
Functional response |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of programmed cell death |
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