Term
| What is the fibrous portion of muscle that attach to bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the point at which two or more bones articulate, or come together? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process of generating blood cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the integrated structure formed by the 206 bones of the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is composed of the bones of the central part, or axis, of the body; its divisions include the vertebral column, skull, ribs, and sternum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is composed of the cranium, basilar skull, face, and inner ear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is composed of 33 vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is formed by the sternum and 12 pairs of ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is divided into the pectoral girdle, the pelvic girdle, and the bones of the upper and lower extremities? |
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Definition
| The Appendicular Skeleton 1755 |
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Term
| What is the shoulder girdle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the large bone that arises in the area of the last nine vertebrae and sweeps around to form a complete ring? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is also referred to as the shoulder blade? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a flat, triangular bone held to the rib cage posteriorly by powerful muscles that buffer it against injury? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is also referred to as the collar bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a slender, S-shaped bone attached by ligaments at the medial end to the sternum and at the lateral end to the raised tip of the scapula, called the acromion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lateral extension of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a bone that articulates proximally with the scapula and distally with the bones of the forearm-the radius and ulna-to form the hinged elbow joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the larger of the 2 forearm bones, lies on the thumb side of the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the narrow bone and is on the little-finger side of the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the act of turning the palm of the hand backward or downward, performed by internal rotation of the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is to turn the forearm laterally so that the palm faces forward (if standing) or upward (if lying supine)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lowermost dorsal bone of the pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the broad, uppermost bone of the pelvis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one of 2 bones that form the anterior portion of the pelvic ring? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the points of attachment of the ilium to the sacrum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the midline articulation of the pubic bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is also referred to as the thighbone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a long, powerful bone that articulates proximally in the ball-in-socket joint of the pelvis and distally in the hinge joint of the knee? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cup-shaped cavity in which the rounded head of the femur rotates? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a common site for fractures, generally referred to as hip fractures, especially in the older population? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is also referred to as the shinbone? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is not a component of the knee joint, but it does make up the lateral border of the ankle joint (lateral malleolus) at its distal articulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the large, rounded, bony protuberance on either side of the ankle joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 sets of bones that make up the hand? |
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Definition
| Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges 1756 |
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Term
| What are the wrist bones? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the finger bones? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 3 classes of bones that make up the foot? |
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Definition
| Tarsals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges 1757 |
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Term
| What are the ankle bones? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What is subject to injury when a person falls from height and lands on the feet? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What bones are longer than they are wide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of bone are the femur, humerus, tibia, fibula, radius, and ulna? |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones are nearly as wide as they are long? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of bones are phalanges, metacarpals, and metatarsals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones do not fit into one of the categories but rather have a shape that is designed to perform a specific function? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of bones are the vertebral column and the mandible? |
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Definition
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Term
| What bones are generally found in proximity to a joint and help with movement? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the largest of the round bones? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the growth plate in long bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is tough, elastic substance that covers opposable surfaces of moveable joints and form part of the skeleton? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the location where 2 or more bones meet or joints? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the shaft of the long bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the end region of a long bone extending between the metaphysis and the articulate (joint) surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the region of the long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the fibrous tissue that covers bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the hollow inner portion of the shaft? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the inner lining of a hollow bone? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is a hormone in women that helps promote bone formation? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is a significant decrease in bone density? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a degenerative condition that causes a reduced range of motion in the joints? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement away from the midline of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is movement toward the midline of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of joints are the bones of the skull and the distal tibiofibular joint? |
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Definition
| Fibrous Joints, Synarthroses, or Fused Joints 1758 |
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Term
| What are fibrous joints also referred to as? |
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Definition
| Synarthroses or Fused Joints 1758 |
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Term
| What are cartilaginous joints also referred to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of joints are the pubic symphysis and the joints connecting the ribs to the sternum? |
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Definition
| Cartilaginous or Amphiarthroses Joints 1758 |
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Term
| What are synovial joints also referred to as? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the joints that contain dense fibrous tissues and allow for no motion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are joints that are spanned completely by cartilage and allow for minimal motion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are joints the permit movement of the component bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a saclike envelope that encloses the cavity of a synovial joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a tough band of tissue that connects bone to bone around a joint or support internal organs within the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lining of a joint that secrets synovial fluid into the joint space? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a padlike sac or cavity located within the connect tissue, usually in proximity to a joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the bursa of the elbow? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the bursa of the knee? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is inflammation of a bursa? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is flat or cordlike bands of connective tissue that are white and have a glistening appearance? |
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Definition
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Term
| What connect bone to bone and help maintain the stability of joints and determine the degree of joint motion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What inelastic bands of connective tissue have a structure similar to that of tendons? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What consists of fibers of collagen embedded in a gelatinous substance? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What flexible connective tissue forms the smooth surface over bone ends where they articulate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are composed of specialized cells that contract (shorten) when stimulated to exert force on a part of the body? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of muscle? |
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Definition
| Cardiac, Skeletal, and Smooth 1759 |
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Term
| What are muscles that can be controlled by a person? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What muscle is attached to bones and usually crosses at least one joint? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is shrinking or wasting away of tissue? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is an increase in size? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How much does skeletal muscle account for normal body weight? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is a metabolic end product of the breakdown of glucose that accumulates when metabolism proceeds in the absence of oxygen? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the condition that arises when a muscle depletes its supply of energy? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the nerve fibers that transmit impulses to a muscle? |
|
Definition
| Somatic Motor Neurons 1761 |
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|
Term
| What is the process of signaling additional muscle fibers to contract to create a more forceful contraction? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where does the innervation of the upper extremities arise from? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is formed by a network of nerves that originate from the spinal cord at the C5-T1 levels? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where provides the innervation of the lower extremities? |
|
Definition
| Lumbar and Lumbosacral Plexus 1761 |
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|
Term
| What are formed by the spinal nerves that originate from L1-S4? |
|
Definition
| Lumbar and Lumbosacral Plexus 1761 |
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|
Term
| What is the artery that travels from the aorta to each upper extremity? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the artery that runs through the axilla, connecting the subclavian artery to the brachial artery? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the artery that runs through the arm and branches into the radial and ulnar arteries? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the artery pertaining to the wrist? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the artery of the forearm that travels along the medial aspect? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are the arteries that supply blood to the fingers and toes? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the main artery supplying the thigh and leg? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the artery in the area or space behind the knee joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the artery that travels through the calf muscles to the plantar aspect of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Posterior Tibial Artery 1762 |
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|
Term
| What is the artery that travels through the anterior muscles of the leg and continues to the foot as the dorsalis pedis? |
|
Definition
| Anterior Tibial Artery 1762 |
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|
Term
| What is referring to the back or posterior side of the body or an organ? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is referring to the sole of the foot? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What occurs when a medical condition causes the bone to become abnormally weak? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What occurs when a force is applied to one region of the body but causes an injury in another region of the body? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are injuries that commonly occur during athletic activities in which an extremity rotates around a planted foot or hand? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are fractures that result from multiple compressive loads? |
|
Definition
| Fatigue or March Fractures 1764 |
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|
Term
| What is a break or rupture in the bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are bone-forming cells that come from the marrow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What play a role by invading the fracture site and allowing a callus to form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the process of building new bone and dead bone being removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the presence of an abnormal angle or bend in an extremity? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been damaged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an open fracture; a fracture beneath an open wound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture in which the skin is not broken? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What may the blood loss exceed in a closed femur fracture before enough pressure develops to tamponade the bleeding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is one of the most reliable signs of a fracture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in fractures when the broken ends of a bone override one another? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary symptom of a fracture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends touching, over the broken bone ends? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a fracture that runs parallel to the long axis of a bone? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a fracture that runs in a straight line from one edge of the bone to the other and that is perpendicular to each edge? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a fracture that travels diagonally from one side of the bone to the other? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture in a bone that appears like a spring on a radiograph? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a broken bone in which the end of one bone becomes wedged into another bone? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a fracture in which the bone is broken into 3 or more pieces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a bone that is broken in more than one place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture in which the bone is broken into 2 or more completely separate pieces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture in which the bone does not fully break? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a type of fracture occurring most frequently in children in which there is incomplete breakage of the bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a common incomplete fracture in children in which the cortex of the bone fractures from an excessive compression force? |
|
Definition
| Buckle or Torus Fracture 1766 |
|
|
Term
| What is an incomplete fracture typically occurring in children in which the bone becomes bent as the result of compressive force? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture that results from exaggerated stress on the bone caused by unusually rapid muscle development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a break in which the bone remains aligned in its normal position? |
|
Definition
| Nondisplaced Fracture 1767 |
|
|
Term
| What is a break in which the ends of the fractured bone move out of their normal positions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the overlap of a bone that occurs from the muscle spasm that follows a fracture, leading to a decrease in the length of the bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an injury that results from a force that tries to increase the length of a body part or separate one body part from another? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is trabecular or spongy bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture that occurs when a piece of bone is torn free at the site of attachment of a tendon or ligament? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a fracture in which the broken region of the bone is pushed deeper into the body than the remaining intact bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the movement of an extremity at a joint in a particular direction? |
|
Definition
| Range of Motion (ROM) 1767 |
|
|
Term
| What is the displacement of a bone from its normal position within a joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs when a body part moves beyond its normal range of motion and the articular surfaces are no longer intact? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a partial dislocation of a joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a complete dislocation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an increase in the distance between the two sides of a joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the loss of the nerve supply, blood supply, or both to a region of the body, typically distal to a site of injury? |
|
Definition
| Neurovascular Compromise 1768 |
|
|
Term
| What are injuries in which ligaments are stretched or torn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an injury to a muscle and/or tendon that results from a violent muscle contraction or from excessive stretching? |
|
Definition
| Strain (Pulled Muscle) 1768 |
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|
Term
| What is the separation of a limb or other body part from the remainder of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a smooth or jagged cut caused by a sharp object or a blunt force that tears the tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are areas where cartilage is transformed through calcification into a new area of bone? |
|
Definition
| Ossification Centers 1779 |
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