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Definition
| Harm occurs in any crime, although not all harms are crimes. |
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Definition
| Causation refers to the fact that the concurrence of a guilty mind and a criminal act may produce or cause harm. |
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Term
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Definition
| The principle of recognizing previous decisions as precedents to guide future deliberations is called stare decisis. |
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Term
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Definition
| A necessary first feature of any crime is some act in violation of the law. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tort is a wrongful act, damage, or injury not involving a breach of contract. |
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Term
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Definition
| Because the effects and taste of alcohol are so widely known in our society, the defense of involuntary intoxication due to alcohol consumption can be difficult to demonstrate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Espionage is the “gathering, transmitting, or losing” of information related to the national defense in such a manner that the information becomes available to enemies of the United States and may be used to their advantage. |
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Term
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Definition
| An offense that has been completed is called an an inchoate offense. |
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Term
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Definition
| Typically, civil suits seek punishment, not compensation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Civil law governs relationships between and among people, businesses and other organizations, and agencies of government. |
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Term
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Definition
| Common law originates from usage and custom rather than from written statutes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A felony is a criminal offense punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for at least one year. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actus reus means “guilty act.” |
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Term
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Definition
| Corpus delicti literally means “the body of the crime.” |
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Term
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Definition
The assumption that criminal acts injure not just individuals, but society as a whole is fundamental to which of the following laws?
a. criminal law
b. administrative law
c. civil law
d. procedural law |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following refers to a traditional body of unwritten historical precedents created from everyday social customs, rules, and practices?
a. common law
b. statutory law
c. law of the land
d. case law |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the maxim that an orderly society must be governed by established principles known as? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which type of law refers to the body of regulations that the government creates to control the activities of industries, businesses, and individuals? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which part of the law specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law? |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following violations is NOT a misdemeanor?
a. disturbing the peace
b. being disorderly in public
c. simple assault
d. robbery |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following would NOT be categorized as a felony?
a. murder
b. petty theft
c. rape
d. robbery |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT an element of crime?
a. concurrence of act and intent
b. motive for the crime
c. criminal act
d. culpable mental state |
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Term
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Definition
| Our legal system generally recognizes all of the following broad categories of defenses except ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| In its written form, the criminal law is also known as ________. |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following terms refers to gathering, transmitting, or losing information related to the national defense in such a manner that the information becomes available to enemies of the United States?
a. treason
b. inchoate
c. conspiracies
d. espionage |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following terms mean “guilty act”?
a. collateral estoppel
b. mens rea
c. corpus delicti
d. actus reus |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following falls under the category of justification?
a. consent
b. duress
c. insanity
d. mistake |
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Term
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Definition
| Murder, rape, and robbery all fall under what branch of modern law? |
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Term
| d. eyewitness identification |
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT an example of procedural defense?
a. police fraud
b. prosecutorial misconduct
c. double jeopardy
d. eyewitness identification |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following refers to improper or illegal inducement to crime by enforcement agents?
a. police fraud
b. entrapment
c. collateral estoppel
d. prosecutorial misconduct |
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Term
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Definition
| Tax laws, building codes, and health codes are examples of what type of law? |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following elements of crime means “guilty mind”?
a. actus reus
b. mens rea
c. corpus delicti
d. stare decisis |
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Term
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Definition
| A woman is accused of murdering her brother. She claims that she stabbed her brother to release the evil spirits within his body. The excuse defense that would most likely be used at her trial is ________. |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following is an excuse defense?
a. consent
b. duress
c. necessity
d. double jeopardy |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following is a procedural defense?
a. diminished capacity
b. involuntary intoxication
c. double jeopardy
d. mental incompetence |
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Term
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Definition
Which type of law is also known as the “law on the books”?
a. statutory law
b. natural law
c. procedural law
d. administrative law |
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Term
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Definition
| The main objective of a civil lawsuit is to ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ is the philosophy of law. |
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Term
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Definition
Which type of law covers practices in the areas of customs, immigration, and product safety?
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Term
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Definition
| The principle of recognizing previous decisions as precedents to guide future deliberations is called ________. |
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Term
| Misdemeanors; offenses; felonies |
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Definition
| ________ are generally more serious than ________, but less serious than ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which crime best describes an attempt to overthrow the government of the society of which one is a member? |
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Term
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Definition
| What term describes an offense not yet completed? |
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Term
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Definition
| Mens rea is most clearly present when a person acts ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which type of a defense is used when a defense attorney claims that the defendant’s actions were necessary to ensure his or her safety? |
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Term
| incompetent to stand trial |
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Definition
| When the defendant is incapable of understanding the nature of charges and proceedings, he will be declared ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which Supreme Court case states that prisoners who become insane while incarcerated cannot be executed? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which constitutional amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial? |
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Term
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Definition
| The Constitution prohibits the enactment of ________ laws, which make acts committed before the laws in question were passed punishable as crimes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The body of rules and regulations that define and specify the nature of and punishments for offenses of a public nature for wrongs committed against the state or society is called ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| The legal principle that ensures that previous judicial decisions are authoritatively considered and incorporated into future cases is called ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| A criminal offense that is punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for at least one year is called a(n) ________. |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following is the degree of force that is appropriate in a given situation and that is not excessive?
a. self-defense
b. reasonable force
c. alter ego rule
d. deadly force |
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Term
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Definition
An activity that increases the risk of harm is called _______ behavior.
a. knowing
b. purposeful
c. negligent
d. reckless |
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Term
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Definition
| A person’s reason for committing a crime is a(n) ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bob runs a stop sign. He didn’t see the sign and he had no intention of breaking the law. He is guilty of a(n) ________. |
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Term
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Definition
| The facts surrounding an event are known as ________. |
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Term
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Definition
Which of the following rules states that a person can only defend a third party under circumstances and only to the degree that the third party could act?
a. M’Naghten Rule
b. retreat rule
c. alter ego rule
d. Durham rule |
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