Term
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Definition
A process during which information about a problem is collected, analyzed, and clearly stated to provide a basis for design. It defines a problem before a solution is attempted.
May contain an analysis of:
- existing building
- aesthetic considerations
- space needs
- adjacency requirements
- organizing concepts
- code restrictions
- budget demands
- scheduling limitations |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves establishing goals, collecting and analyzing facts, uncovering and testing concepts, determining needs, and stating the problem. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the five-step programming process.
Goals indicate what the client wants to achieve and why. They establish the direction of the programmatic concepts that ultimately suggest the physical means of achieving the goals. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the Five-Step Programming Process.
Describe the existing conditions and requirements of the problem such as:
-the number of people to be accommodated
-space adjacencies
-user characteristics
-the existing building within which the interiors will be constructed
-equipment to be housed
-expected growth rate
-money available for construction and furnishings
-building code requirements
Organizing is key. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the Five-Step Programming Process.
A PROGRAMMATIC CONCEPT is a performance requirement about how a problem can be solved or a need satisfied.
A DESIGN CONCEPT is a specific physical response about how a programmatic concept can be achieved. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the Programming Process.
Balances the desires of the client against the available budget or establishes a budget based on the defined goals and needs.
Four Elements of COST:
-quantity
-quality
-budget
-time |
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Term
| Stating the Problem or Problem Statement |
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Definition
Part of the Programming Process.
The bridge between programming and the design process.
They are statements, agreed upon by both the client and the programmer, that describe the most important aspects of the problem and serve as the basis for design and as the criteria by which the solution can be evaluated.
There should be a minimum of FOUR problem statements. One for each of the major considerations FORM, FUNCTION, ECONOMY, and TIME. |
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Term
| Form (one of the four major considerations during programming) |
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Definition
Relates to:
-existing conditions
-the physical and psychological environment of the interior
-quality of construction |
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Term
| Function (one of the four major considerations during programming) |
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Definition
| Relates to the people and activities to be performed in the spaces and their relationship. |
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Term
| Economy (one of the four major considerations during programming) |
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Definition
Concerns money:
-the initial cost of the interior
-operating costs (if applicable)
-life-cycle costs |
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Term
| Time (one of the four major considerations during programming) |
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Definition
| Describes the ideas of past, present, and future as they affect the other three considerations. |
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Term
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Definition
Written document that records the information gathered and the conclusions drawn from analysis.
This document should be reviewed and approved b the client before the design begins.
Every program should include:
-a statement of goals and objectives
-a list of client requirements
-a list of spaces and their square footages
May also include:
-survey of existing conditions
-budget requirements
-scheduling constraints
-expansion requirements |
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Term
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Definition
There are five methods of collecting the information required to complete a program and prepare for design.
-Checklist of Required Information
-The client interview
-Questionnaires
-Observation
-Field Surveys |
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Term
| Checklist of Required Information (Information Gathering) |
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Definition
-Goals and objectives
-User requirements
-Activity requirements
-Furnishings and equipment
-Adjacencies
-Space requirements listed by area and square footage
-Time and money requirements |
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Term
| The Client Interview (Information Gathering) |
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Definition
-interviewing users is one of the most valuable ways of collecting information.
-Combines observation, a structured process, the ability to clarify ambiguous questions or responses, and the opportunity for extemporaneous exploration of needs and ideas of the user not previously considered.
-can pick up non-verbal cues from user
-takes time
-# and type of people interviewed chosen before hand
-prepare a list of specific questions
-two interviewers should be present |
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Term
| Questionnaires (Information Gathering) |
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Definition
Written forms that people fill in with requested information. They are useful when a large number of people need to be surveyed and time or resources do not allow for individual interviews.
-should be short, unambiguous, and easy to fill in as possible
-design first and try it out on a select sample
-accompanied with a cover letter from management explaining the situation and encourages being filled out and returned. |
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Term
| Observation (Information Gathering) |
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Definition
Best used to verify information gathered by interviews or questionnaires or as a way of generating questions to determine the reason behind the observed behavior.
The danger from observation, however, is jumping to conclusions. |
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Term
| Field Surveys (Information Gathering) |
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Definition
Determine existing conditions.
Should determine the following: (for more, see page 39)
-location and size of heating diffusers, radiators, and other exposed mechanical equipment
-condition and capacity of the electrical, plumbing, heating, and other mechanical systems in older buildings. This will need to be performed by engineering consultants. |
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Term
| Information Analysis (Part of Programming) |
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Definition
Organizing and analyzing gathered information. Of all programming data, area and adjacencies are two of the primary factors that determine the size and configuration of the interior space.
Involves:
-Determining Space and Volume Needs
-Determining Total Required Area
-Determining Space Relationships |
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Term
| Determining Space and Volume Needs (Information Analysis) |
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Definition
Example: Space standards of a corporation may dictate that a senior manager have a 225 square foot office while a junior manager be allotted 150 square feet.
Where square footages are not defined by one of these methods, space for a particular use is determined in one of three ways:
-by the number of people that must accommodated
-by an object or piece of equipment
-or by a specific activity that has its own clearly specified space needs
1. Multiply how much area one person needs by the total # of people in the same area
2. Determined by the size of an object or piece of equipment
3. Through a built-in set of rules or customs related to the activity itself (Ex: tennis court) (Sport facilities) |
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Term
| Determining Total Required Area (Information Analysis) |
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Definition
NET AREA is the same as USEABLE AREA
Sometimes referred to as the net assignable area and the secondary spaces are referred to as the unassigned areas.
Both of these together = Gross area
The ratio of the two figures is called the net to gross ratio and is often referred to as the efficiency of the space (see graphic) |
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Term
| Determining Space Relationships (Information Analysis) |
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Definition
There are three basic types of adjacency needs:
-people
-products
-information
SEE GRAPHICS |
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