Term
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Definition
[+syllabic]->[+nasal]/_[+nasal]
ex: pom= [-syllabic, -sonorant, +stop, -nasal, +labial, -voice]
[+syllabic, +sonorant, -stop, -nasal, +low, +back, -round]
[-syllabic, +sonorant, +stop, +nasal, +nasal, +labial, +voice] |
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Term
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Definition
The way the manner features is based loosely on the acoustic sonority (loudness)of sounds.
greater sonority less sonority
<------------------------------------->
vowels glides liquids nasals obstuents |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| liquids, nasals, obstruents |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| vowels, glides, liquids, nasals |
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Term
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Definition
Predicts an affinity between true stops and nasals.
-Fricatives,liquids, glides, and vowels |
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Term
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Definition
Distinguishes affricates from stops.
-Affricates and fricatives are delayed release |
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Term
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Definition
Front and central vowels are -back
Central and back vowels are +back |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Lax vowels tend to be shorter and more centralized
Tense vowels tend to diphthongize toward a higher vowel: bayed [beid] |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in vowel harmony systems-roughly, all the vowels in a particular word must be either [+ATR] or [-ATR] |
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Definition
| articulated with the lips |
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Term
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Definition
| articulated with the tongue blade and/or tip |
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Term
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Definition
| articulated with the tongue body |
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Term
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Definition
most consonants are made with just one articulator, so it would get the value + or -. But complex segments have two articulators involved
ex: [kp] involves both lips and tongue body, and thus is [+labial, +dorsal] |
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Term
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Definition
[+anterior] cornonals are articulated at the alveolar ridge or farther forward
-inter dentals and alveolars |
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Term
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Definition
| [-anterior] coronals are articulated behind the alveolar ridge; palato-alveolars and retroflexes |
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Term
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Definition
=blade =contact is long, measured front to back
-laminals are +distributed
-dentals and palato-alveolars |
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Term
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Definition
=tip =contact is short, measured front to back
apicals are -distributed
alveolars and retroflexes are apical |
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Term
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Definition
-[+strident]; the airstream is channeled through a groove in the tongue blade and blown at the teeth.
sibilants are +strident
-[s,z,ts,dz,S,3,tS,d3]
only coronal fricatives and affricates |
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Term
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Definition
| distinguishes /l/ from other coronal liquids, and alveolar lateral fricatives from other coronal fricatives |
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Definition
| articulated by rounding the lips |
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Term
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Definition
| articulated by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| [+high,-low,+front,-back] like [i] and [y] |
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Term
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Definition
| [+high, -low,-front,-back] like[i with a line] and [u with a line] |
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Term
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Definition
| [+high,-low,-front,+back] like [u] and[upside down m] |
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Term
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Definition
| [-high,-low,-front,+back] like [unround mid back vowel] and [o] |
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Term
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Definition
| [-high,+low,-front,+back] |
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Term
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Definition
| can be defined articulatorily as involving vocal cord vibration and acoustically as involving the characteristic periodic waveform that results from this vibration. |
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Term
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Definition
means that the vocal cords riding on the arytenoid cartilages have been placed relatively far apart, producting a wide glottis.
-[h], breathy vowels, and aspirated consonants, generally -voice |
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Term
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Definition
involves adduction of the vocal cords to make a narrow or closed glottis
includes glottal stop, ejectives, pregottalized sounds like allophone of [t] |
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Term
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Definition
| sounds involve a special articulatory gesture in which the larynx is lowered, creating a temporary partial vacuum |
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Term
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Definition
a voiceless stop is realized as pregottalized when in final position
ex: cap |
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Definition
| voiceless stops are aspirated when they precede a stressed vowel and are not preceded by/s/ |
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Term
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Definition
| the identical phonetic realization of distinct phonemic forms |
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Term
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Definition
| an obstruent in word-final position takes on the same voicing as a preceding obstruent |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the rules map distinct underlying forms into surface form that are distinct but just barely so |
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