Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 5 Test
The Integumentary System
111
Health Care
9th Grade
11/19/2008

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What three things make up the integumentary system?
Definition
Skin, Hair, Nails
Term
What is the largest organ in the body?
Definition
Skin
Term
What does the skin contain?
Definition
Blood vessels, CT, glands, hair, nerves, nails
Term
What are the two functions of the skin?
Definition
Prevents harmful things from entering, helps maintain homeostasis
Term
When does the skin develop?
Definition
4-5 weeks after egg is fertilized
Term
What is Mesenchyme?
Definition
Embryotic CT
Term
When does pigmentation develop?
Definition
Week 25 of after fertilization
Term
What does pigmentation come from?
Definition
Melanocytes
Term
What does inherent mean?
Definition
Genetic
Term
What does adaptive mean?
Definition
Environmental features
Term
What is the epidermis?
Definition
Outer 4-5 layers of the skin
Term
What type of tissue is the epidermis made out of?
Definition
Stratified squamos
Term
Where is the epidermis thick?
Definition
Palms and soles
Term
What type of cells are in the epidermis?
Definition
Keratinocytes
Term
What is the bottom layer of the epidermis?
Definition
Stratum Germinitivum
Term
The Stratum Germinitivum is where what occurs?
Definition
Mitosis
Term
Where are melanocytes?
Definition
Between Corneum and Germinitivum
Term
What is the top layer of the epidermis?
Definition
Stratum Corneum
Term
What is Stratum Corneum made out of?
Definition
Flat, dead cells
Term
With more melanin comes what?
Definition
Darker skin
Term
What do melanocytes produce?
Definition
Melanin
Term
What increases melanocyte production?
Definition
Sun exposure
Term
What two things do melanocytes give color to?
Definition
Hair and eyes
Term
What does water proof of stratum corneum prevent?
Definition
Evaporation of body water and water from entering the body
Term
Where are merkel cells found?
Definition
Stratum Germinitivum
Term
Where are merkel cells found?
Definition
Stratum Germinitivum
Term
What are merkel cells?
Definition
Receptors for sense of touch
Term
Where are Langerhan cells made?
Definition
Bone marrow
Term
Are Langerhan cells mobile?
Definition
Yes
Term
What do Langerhan cells do?
Definition
Phagocytize
Term
What is phagocytosis?
Definition
When cells swallow foreign particles that enter the skin, take them to lymphocytes, and trigger an immune response
Term
The epidermis serves as a barrier to what?
Definition
Pathogen
Term
What can enter the skin?
Definition
Poison Ivy
Term
What are blisters?
Definition
Separates epidermis and dermis (from friction and fluid build up)
Term
What is callus?
Definition
When the epidermis gets more mitosis from stratum germinitivum and gets thicker (pressure or friction caused more cells)
Term
What is the inner layer of the skin?
Definition
Dermis
Term
What is the dermis made out of?
Definition
Fibrous connective tissue
Term
What is fibrous connective tissue made out of?
Definition
Elastin and collagen
Term
What is the layer between the epidermis and dermis?
Definition
Papillary Layer
Term
The papillary layer is where what ends?
Definition
Blood Supply
Term
What does the dermis have?
Definition
Fibroblasts
Term
What are hair follicles and what color are they?
Definition
Roots of hair; blonde
Term
What do hair follicles contain?
Definition
Cell matrix where mitosis takes place
Term
What do the ends of hair get color from?
Definition
Melanin
Term
What are the functions of eyebrow and lashes?
Definition
Prevent dust and perspiration from getting in eyes
Term
What is a pilomotor muscle?
Definition
A muscle attached to a hair folicle that causes hair to stand up
Term
When do pilomotor muscles work?
Definition
When it is cold
Term
What do we get because we don't have a lot of hair?
Definition
Goosebumps
Term
Where does mitosis take place in a nail?
Definition
Root
Term
What are nails made up of?
Definition
Keratin (dead cells)
Term
What is the only part alive of a cell?
Definition
Nail bed
Term
What is the three jobs of nails?
Definition
Protect fingers and toes from injury, scratch, pick up small things
Term
Where is a nail root?
Definition
Underneath skin
Term
What is the lighter part of visible nail where the semi-circle is?
Definition
Lunula
Term
What is the area where the skin and nail meet?
Definition
Cuticle
Term
Where are receptors found?
Definition
Dermis
Term
What are free nerve endings responsible for?
Definition
Pain, heat, cold
Term
What are encapsulated nerve endings responsible for?
Definition
Touch, pressure
Term
More (Less) receptors = More (Less) ___________?
Definition
Sensitivity
Term
What are glands?
Definition
Exocrine made of epithelial tissue
Term
What is the sebaceous gland?
Definition
Into hair folicle, secrete sebum/oil/sweat
Term
What is acne from?
Definition
Trapment of sebum
Term
What is the ceruminous gland?
Definition
Dermis of ear canal, they make more cerumen (wax) which keeps ear moist
Term
What is the apocrine gland?
Definition
Real sweat gland, underarm/groin area (activated during stressful situations)
Term
What is the eccrine gland?
Definition
Real sweat glands, all over body hands/feet/face genetic, helps maintain body temp. and occurs during active/heat
Term
What are the two blood vessels?
Definition
Capillaries and arterioles
Term
What are arterioles?
Definition
Small arteries made up of small muscle
Term
What is vasodilation?
Definition
Increase blood flow to dermis and head goes to environment (respond to temperature)
Term
What is vasoconstriction?
Definition
Keeps heat in and decreases blood flow in dermis
Term
What does the skin remove?
Definition
Waste
Term
What does the skin help maintain?
Definition
Homeostasis through vitimin D
Term
What does the skin protect us from?
Definition
Environment
Term
What does the skin regulate?
Definition
Body temperature
Term
What does the skin provide?
Definition
Sensation
Term
Where is subcutaneous tissue?
Definition
Below the dermis
Term
What is subcutaneous tissue made out of?
Definition
Areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue
Term
What does subcutaneous tissue help with?
Definition
Immune system
Term
What does subcutaneous tissue store?
Definition
Strong fat
Term
All cells have a set what?
Definition
Lifespan
Term
What is everytime a cells divides equal to?
Definition
One year of its life
Term
What does a cell trigger after it finishes all its divisions?
Definition
Deathsignal
Term
When doesn't a cell die?
Definition
When you get sun damage of DNA
Term
What is a collection of cancer cells?
Definition
Tumor
Term
What is any cancer in the epithelial tissue called?
Definition
Carcinoma
Term
What are the three types of skin cancer?
Definition
Basal Cell, Squamous Cell, Melanoma
Term
What is the most common skin cancer in the United States?
Definition
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Term
Approximately how many people have Basal Cells Carcinoma every year?
Definition
One million
Term
Where is Basal Cell Carcinoma found?
Definition
Bottom of epidermis
Term
How is Basal Cell Carcinoma diagnosed?
Definition
Biopsy
Term
What is a biopsy?
Definition
A removal of skin and testing of it
Term
What is the most treatable type of skin cancer?
Definition
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Term
What are the 5 characteristics of Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Definition
Open sore, reddish patch, shiny bump, pink growth, scar-like area
Term
What is the second most common form of skin cancer?
Definition
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Term
Where is Squamous Cell Carcinoma found?
Definition
Anywhere in epidermis
Term
How much of the amount of basal cell is there of squamous cell?
Definition
1/5 the amount
Term
What are the three characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma?
Definition
Crust, Scab, Bleed
Term
What is the most deadly type of skin cancer?
Definition
Melanoma
Term
What is the least common type of skin cancer?
Definition
Melanoma
Term
What is melanoma?
Definition
Tumor of melanocytes
Term
What happens during Melanoma?
Definition
Normal dark freckles turn red, purple, pink
Term
What are the ABCDE characteristics of melanoma?
Definition
Asymmetry, Borders (uneven), Color (2 or more shades), Diameter (usually larger 1/4 inch), evolves
Term
What is Curettage?
Definition
Scrap of skin, test it
Term
What is Cryosurgery?
Definition
Zap skin with freeze, remove, and test it (malignent and premalignent)
Term
What is Topical Chemotherapy?
Definition
Chemical lotion to kill cells from outside
Term
What is Mohs Micrographic Surgery?
Definition
Removes smallest amount possible (#1 treatment for basal and squamous)
Term
What is Excisonal?
Definition
Same as Mohs but more removal
Term
What is Radiation?
Definition
Inject radiation into body (mainly elderly people)
Term
What is Laser?
Definition
New, beam destroys tissue with carbon dioxide
Term
What are the cures for Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Definition
Curettage, Topical Chemotherapy, Mohs
Term
What are the cures for Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Definition
Mohs
Term
What are the cures for Melanoma?
Definition
Excisional
Supporting users have an ad free experience!