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chapter 6
Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/11/2012

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Term
Sutural bones
Definition
(Wormian bones) Small, flat irregularly shaped bones between flat bones of the skull. boarders are like jigsaw puzzle,range from grain of salt to as wide as a quarter.
Term
Irregular bones
Definition
have complex shapes with short,flat, notched,or ridged surfaces.
Term
Short bones
Definition

are small and boxy

ex. carpal bones (wrists)

tarsal bones (ankels)

Term
Flat bones
Definition
have thin, parallel surfaces. forms the roof of the skull, the stermum, the ribs, and the scapulae.
Term
Long bones
Definition
are farily long and slender. Located in the arm and forearm, thigh and leg, palms, soles,fingers, and toes.
Term
Seamoid bones
Definition
are small, flat and shaped somewhat like a sesame seed. They develope inside tendons and most commonly located near joints at the knees, the hands, and the feet.
Term
bone markings
Definition
AKA-"surface features", can yield an abundance of anatomical information.
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
are mature bone cells that make up most of the cell population.
Term
Osteoblasts
Definition
produce new bone matrix in a process called ossification, or osteogenesis.
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
are cells that remove and recycle bone matrix.
Term
Osteon
Definition
The basic functional unit of mature compact bone
Term
trabeculae
Definition
the matrix in spongy bone forms a meshwork of supporting bundles of fibers.
Term
red bone marrow
Definition
responsible for blood cell formation
Term
yellow bone marrow
Definition
adipose tissue important as an energy reserve
Term
endosteum
Definition
an incomplete celluar layer, lines the medullary cavity
Term
calcification
Definition
the deposition of calcium salts
Term
articular cartilage
Definition
this cartilage prevents damaging bone-to-bone contact within the joints.
Term
epiphyseal cartilage
Definition
narrow cartilaginous region, seperates the epiphysis from the diaphysis.
Term
dermal bones
Definition
flat bones of the skull, the mandible(lower jaw), and the clavicle(collarbone).
Term
remodeling
Definition
organic and mineral components of the bone matrix are continuously being recycled and renewed through the process of
Term
Osteoclast-activating factor
Definition
cancers of the bone marrow, breast, or other tissues release a chemical know as
Term
external callus
Definition
hard skin, or enlarged collar of cartilage and bone,forms and encircles the bone at the level of the fracture.
Term
internal callus
Definition
organizes within the medullary cavity and between the broken ends of the shaft.
Term
osteopenia
Definition
inadequate ossification
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
when the reduction in bone mass is sufficient to compromise normal function, the condition is know as
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