Term
| What did Robert Hooke do? |
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Definition
Used early compound microscope
Found first cells |
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Term
| Who are the three people who came up with the Cell Theory and what are the three parts of the Cell Theory. |
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Definition
| Mathias Schleiden, Theodor Schwmn, Rudolf Virchow----------- 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of function of living things 3. New cells are made from existing cells |
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Term
| What did Lynn Margulis come up with? |
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Definition
| Endosymbiotic Theory----Mitochonria and Chloroplasts were once their own cells. |
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Term
| What are the two characteristics of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes? |
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Definition
| 1. Surrounded by a cell membrane 2. Contain DNA at some point |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Prokaryotes? And an example |
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Definition
1. Evolved before nuclei 2. Have some internal
Ex. Bacteria |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Eukaryotes? And an example |
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Definition
1. Complex 2. Genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell 3. Contains internal membranes
Ex. Plants, Animals, and Fungi |
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Term
| What are organelles and what two parts of the cell are they found in? |
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Definition
| "Little Organs" in the cell 1. Nucleus 2. Cytoplasm |
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Term
| What does the Golgi Apparatus do? |
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Definition
| Sorts materials and proteins for the E.R. |
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Term
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Definition
| Digestion of lipids, carbs, and proteins. |
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Term
| What are two diseases caused by lysosomes? And what do they do? |
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Definition
| 1. Pompe's Disease- Liver is damaged due to accumulation of glycogen. 2. Tay-Sachs Disease - Lipid digesting enzyme becomes impaired due to accumulation of lipids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores water, salts, proteins, and carbs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Converts energy in food to be able to be used for the cell. |
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Term
| What is different about the membrane on a Mitochondria? |
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Definition
| It is double layered and the inner membrane is folded. |
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Term
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Definition
| Capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy. |
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Term
| What is different about the membrane of a chloroplast? |
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Definition
| It is double with multiple stacks of thylokaids. |
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Term
| When was the Endosymbiotic Theory introduced? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the cytoskeleton do? |
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Definition
| Helps maintain cell shape and is involved in movement. |
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Term
| What are microfilaments? And what do they do? |
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Definition
| Thread like structures made up of actin.------- 1. Support Cell 2. Helps some cells move 3. Used in contraction of cells. |
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Term
| What are microtubules? And what do they do? |
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Definition
| Hollow structures made of tublin.-------1. Maintain cell shape 2. Makes up the miotic spindle 3. Make up centrioles 4. Help in cell movement. |
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Term
| What does the Intermediate Filer do? |
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Definition
| Helps maintain cell shape. |
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Term
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Definition
| Control Center of the cell |
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Term
| What does the nucleus contain? And what does that do? |
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Definition
| DNA that is transcribes into RNA which contain code for making proteins. |
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Term
| What is the nucleus surrounded by? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the nuclear membrane covered with? |
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Definition
| Nuclear Pores which allow materials to move in and out. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does Chromatin condense to form? |
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Definition
| Condenses to form chromosomes |
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Term
| What does the nucleolus do? |
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Definition
| Begins ribosomic assembly. |
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Term
| What does the nucleolus do? |
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Definition
| Begins ribosomic assembly. |
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Term
| What are ribosomes and what do they contain? |
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Definition
| Small particles of RNA and Protein----Produce proteins by using coded instructions from the nucleus. |
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Term
| What do free ribosomes do? |
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Definition
| Makes proteins for cell use. |
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Term
| What is the Rough ER used for? |
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Definition
| It is involved in the synthesis of proteins |
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Term
| What is the Smooth ER used for? |
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Definition
| Used for the synthesis of lipids and drug detoxification |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance is able to diffuse across the membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that cannot pass through the cell membrane freely. |
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Term
| What is Selectively Permeable? |
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Definition
| Some substances can pass through and others cannot. |
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Term
| What is a Hypotonic solution? And what happens to cells in a Hypotonic solution? |
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Definition
| A solution that has less solutes----A cell in this solution would bring the water into the cell to reach the equilibrium. |
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Term
| What is a Hypertonic solution? And what would a cell do in a Hypertonic solution? |
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Definition
| A solution that has too many solvents in it----A cell would release water out of the cell to try and reach the equilibrium. |
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Term
| What does Active Transport require? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of Endocytosis? And what do they do? |
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Definition
| 1. Phagocytosis - "Cell is eating" 2. Pinosytosis - "Cell is drinking" |
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Term
| What is the other name for Cell Differentiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Cell Differentiation? |
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Definition
| The specialization of cells that develop during a multicellular organisms life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transport oxygen by binding it to a protein on the cell. |
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Term
| What do Pancreatic Cells do? |
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Definition
| Produce proteins that are enzymes for food digestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Extensive cytoskeleton that mainly move up of the micro-filaments actin and myosin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Make stomata which let gases into the cell |
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Term
| What are the levels of organization of tissues? |
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Definition
| 1. Epithelial 2. Muscle 3. Nervous 4. Connective |
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Term
| What are the four levels of organization? |
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Definition
| 1. Individual Cells 2. Tissues 3. Organs 4. Organ Systems |
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