Term
| Organization of the Nervous System |
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Definition
-One fully integrated system with divisions based on differences in structure, location, and function
-CNS and PNS |
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Term
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Definition
-brain and spinal cord
-processing and integrating |
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Term
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Definition
Protection:
1.bone=skull
2.glial cells=keep nervous alive for lifetime
3.meninges=membranes/compartments in CNS--dura mater,arachnoid mater,subarachnoid space(CSF),pia mater
4.CSF=circulatory(food,O2,waste,CO2), cushion(brain and bone), buoyancy(floating)
5.BBB=tight junction; semipermeable membrane
6.Plasticity=ability to build new nervous "circuits" |
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Term
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Definition
Lobes:
1.occipital=vision
2.temporal=auditory,memory
3.parietal=somatosensory
-postcentral gyrus=body map
-wernickes area=spoken and written
language comprehension
4.Frontal=voluntary,speaking ability, personality
-precentral gyrus=skeletal muscle in
fron of central sulcus
-Brocas area=speaking ability
5.insula=lone term memory |
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Term
| electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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Definition
-wavelength;tells different parts of brain
-3 major uses:
1.clinical tour
2.diagnose disfunctions
3.tell sleep stages
4.legal tool |
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Term
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Definition
| -acquisition of info through experience, instruction, or both |
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Term
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Definition
-storage of acquired knowledge
1.short term:
-lasts for seconds to a few mins
-rapid retrieval
-limited storage
-no structural changes made at any
neural synapses
2.long term:
-never full
-slower retrieval
-make permanent structural changes |
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Term
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Definition
| Relay station of all sensory information EXCEPT smell |
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Term
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Definition
-link between the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system
-7 functions:
1.temperature at 98.6 F
2.control thirst and urine output
3.control hunger
4.control release of hormones
5.produces ADH and oxytocin
6.indirect control of cardiovascular
7.role in emotional and behavioral
patterns |
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Term
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Definition
-several nuclei associated with cranial nerves 5-8
-2 respiratory control centers |
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Term
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Definition
1.contributes to maintenance of balance
2.enhances muscle tone (posture)
3.coordinates skilled voluntary movements |
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Term
| Medulla oblongata/ brain stem |
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Definition
-functions:
1.descending and ascending nerve tracts
2.cranial nerves 8-12
3.direct control of cardiovascular
4.help pons with respiration
5.reflex center(sneezing,vomiting)
6.sleep centers |
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Term
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Definition
1.NREM= slow wave sleep; 80% sleep time
-4 stages
-muscle tone/can use muscles
-HR and BP slightly reduced
-no dreaming
-can easily be awakened
2.REM= paradoxical sleep; 20% sleep time
-must have or else personality disorder
-no muscle tone
-irregular HR and BP
-dreaming
-difficult to awaken but sleeper can
awaken themselves |
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Term
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Definition
-episodes of falling asleep randomly
-5 to 30 minutes of REM sleep
-have medication to treat |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased quality/quantity of sleep to function adequately |
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Term
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Definition
-ring of forebrain structures that surround brain stem and are interconnected by intricate neural pathways
-center for basic emotional drives
-feelings and behaviors:
1.anger,fear,anxiety,happiness
2.feeding center
3.goal directed behavior/reward and
punishment
4.survival |
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Term
| reticular activating system (RAS) |
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Definition
-corona radiata
-determines level of awareness |
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Term
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Definition
-integrates basic reflexes (no brain connection)
-link between body and brain |
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Term
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Definition
| 1.dorsal root=afferent(sensory) neurons; carry info into CNS 2.ventral root=efferent(motor) neurons; carry info out of CNS 3.spinal nerve=both sensory and motor neurons 4.dorsal root ganglion=swelling of nervous tissue; contain somas of sensory neurons 5.white matter=myelinated 6.gray matter=nonmyelinated |
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Term
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Definition
-unconscious/automatic responses; can have brain or no brain involvement
1.simple=built in
2.acquired=learned/conditioned |
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Term
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Definition
1.receptor
2.afferent pathway
3.integrating center
4.efferent pathway
5.effector |
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