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Chapter 9
91-106
16
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/17/2012

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Term
INSULIN RESISTANCE
Definition
INSULIN RECEPTORS ARE UNABLE TO RESPOND TO INSULIN
Term
ALPHA CELLS
Definition
CELLS IN THE PANCREAS THAT RELEASE GLUCAGON; STIMULATING THE LIVER TO RELEASE GLUCOSE INTO THE BLOOD
Term
PINEAL GLAND
Definition
A small, cone-shaped organ in the brain of most vertebrates that secretes the hormone melatonin. Also called epiphysis, pineal body, Also called pineal organ.
Term
MELATONIN
Definition
A hormone derived from serotonin and produced by the pineal gland that stimulates color change in the epidermis of amphibians and reptiles and plays a role in sleep, aging, and reproduction in mammals
Term
THYMUS GLAND
Definition
A small glandular organ that is situated behind the top of the breastbone, consisting mainly of lymphatic tissue and serving as the site of T cell differentiation. The thymus increases gradually in size and activity until puberty, becoming vestigial thereafter.
Term
THYMOSIN
Definition
hormone secreted by the thymus that stimulates development of T cells.
Term
T-CELLS
Definition
Any of the lymphocytes that mature in the thymus and have the ability to recognize specific peptide antigens through the receptors on their cell surface. Also called T lymphocyte
Term
OVARIES
Definition
FEMALE SEX ORGANS THAT PRODUCE ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE
Term
PROGESTERONE
Definition
A steroid hormone, C21H30O2, secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta, that acts to prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized ovum, to maintain pregnancy, and to promote development of the mammary glands.
Term
ESTROGEN
Definition
of several steroid hormones produced chiefly by the ovaries and responsible for promoting estrus and the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics
Term
TESTES
Definition
MALE SEX ORGAN THAT PRODUCES ANDROGENS AND TESTOSTERONE
Term
PLACENTA
Definition
a temporary organ formed in the uterus of a pregnant women;produces protein and steroid hormones that help to with the pregnancy and delivery; is the nutrition-delivery system for the baby
Term
HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN
Definition
(HCG) A HORMONE STIMULATES THE OVARIES TO CONTINUE PRODUCING ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE TO SUSTAIN THE LINING OF THE UTERUS
Term
HUMAN PLACENTAL LACTOGEN
Definition
(HPL)A HORMONE THAT WORKS WITH ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE IN PREPARING THE BREAST FOR MILK PRODUCTION
Term
RELAXIN
Definition
A PLACENTAL HORMONE THAT CAUSES THE MOTHER'S PELVIC LIGAMENTS AND THE PUBIC SYMPHSIS TO RELAX AND BECOME FLEXIBLE DURING CHILDBBIRTH.
Term
MENOPAUSE
Definition
A PERIOD IN THE LIFE OF MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN WHEN A WOMAN'S REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS BEGIN TO ATROPHY AND THE ABILITY TO HAVE CHILDREN ENDS.
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