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| Least movable joint in the body |
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Definition
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Definition
Held together by collagen fibres
Lack cartilage and a synovial cavity
Dense irregular CT
Examples: Sutures (Skull) |
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Held together by cartilage
Lack a synovial cavity
Examples: Pubic symphysis and intervertebral disks |
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Held together by ligaments
Form a synovial cavity
Outer fibrous capsule
Inner synovial membrane
Example: Knee |
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Made of hyaline cartilage
Similar to epiphyseal growth plates
Example: Ribs |
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Definition
Secretes synovial fluid to reduce friction
Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cartilage
Removes CO2 and metabolic wastes
Not considered to be an accessory structure |
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In between the tibia and fibula
Amphiarthrosis |
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| In terms of Range of Motion (ROM), if the strength increases |
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Loss of muscle
Primarily caused by a decrease in physical activity |
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| Doing the work for someone else |
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Covers bones at a joint
Made of hyaline cartilage |
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Definition
Bands of dense irregular CT
Join one bone to another bone |
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Term
| Bursae (and tendon sheaths) |
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Definition
Fluid-filled structures
Strategically placed to minimize friction |
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Definition
Pad of dense fibrocartilage
Provide superior strength
Allow bones of different shapes to fit together more tightly
Found in joints where hyaline cartilage predominates |
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Definition
| Lies inside the knee joint |
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Definition
| Lies outside the knee joint |
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Definition
| Kneecap may be off to the side |
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Definition
| Merge around a joint before penetrating the articular capsule |
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Convey pain information from the joint to the CNS
Respond to a degree of movement and stretch |
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Uniaxial (can only move one way)
Convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another
Example: Elbow |
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Definition
Uniaxial
Twistable
Rounded surface of one bone articulates with a ring structure of another |
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Multiaxial
Modified condyloid joint
Example: Thumb |
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| Between trapezium and metacarpal of thumb |
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Biaxial
Convex oval-shaped projection with oval-shaped depression
Example: Wrist |
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Multiaxial joint
Ball surface with cuplike-projection
Examples: Hip and shoulder joints |
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Back-and-forth/side-to-side movements
Articular surface is flat or slightly curved
Example: Foot |
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Definition
| Increases the flexibility of the pubis symphysis towards the end of pregnancy |
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| May be restricted if a joint has not been used for an extended period |
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Palms facing anteriorly
"Holding a bowl of soup" |
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| Bending the foot downwards |
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Occurs when the cartilage wears away
Primary cause: no definite cause
Secondary cause: most prominently due to injury
Also known as degenerative joint disease |
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Definition
| Joint problems and joint pain |
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Term
| The TMJ is a combined _______ and _______ joint |
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Definition
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| Surgical implantation of an artificial joint |
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