hypovolemia

hypoventilation

pulomonary contusions witnh unoxygenated lung tissues

pressure shagnes in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax)

treat hypoxia

ensure adequate ventilation to perfused lung tissues

airway

breathing

circulation

disability

exposure

blunt trauma

penetrating trauma

this describes what kind of trauma:

·   Relatively mobile organs continue to move upon impact while fixed structures remain still

·   Shearing Forces Applied

·   Organ and Vessel Tearing

this describes what type of trauma

·   Sudden pressure to chest wall

·   Imagine “popping” a paper bag with your hands

·   Can be direct or indirect pressure

true or false

Remove a impaled  object at site of injury from the patient upon arrival at incident.

False

Never remove an impaled object until patient is in the OR for immediate repair of vessel and organ injuries

below are life threatening injuries that require _ attention:

tension pntx

open pntx

massive hemothorax

flail chest

cardiac tamponade

these are the signs and sxs of a _?

 Respiratory distress,

tracheal deviation

absent breath sounds,

JVD,

Sub Q emphysema,

cyanosis

a defect in the chest wall allows air entry into the pleural space is a _?

also called a "sucking chest wound"

Becks triad is composed of:

_ arterial pressure

_venous pressure

_heart sounds

·   Becks Triad

·   Decreased arterial pressure (BP)

·   Increased venous pressure (JVD)

·   Muffled Heart Tones

these conditions describe:

·   Similar to Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

·   Gradually worsening respiratory failure

·   Early intubation and ventilation

What is the  Most common cause of sudden death after motor vehicle accident or fall from a great height?

Often occurs at the ligamentum arteriosum and also at the aortic root, the junction of the great vessels, or the diaphragm

these conditions describe what type of injury:

·   Injury to trachea or larynx with partial or complete airway obstruction

·   Bronchial injury is usually within one inch of the carina (bifurcation)

·   Airway maintenance, bronchoscopy, thoracotomy (open chest and look directly at bronchial injury)

Tracheo-bronchial Tree Injuries

these conditions describe what type of injury:

·   Most often from penetrating injury

·   Results in mediastinitis and empyema

·   Pain and shock out of proportion to apparent injury

·   Gastric contents in the chest tube

·   Gastrograffin swallow or endoscopy; way to diagnose and look for hole

·   Surgical repair or gastrostomy

these condition describe what type of injury:

·   Blunt trauma may cause acute herniation

·   Penetrating trauma may rupture over time

·   Liver usually protects the right side

·   Often mistaken for loculated pneumothorax

·   Bowel sounds in chest

·   N-G tube in chest on x-ray

these conditions describe what kind of trauma:

·   Rarely diagnosed

·   Often missed; chest pain attributed to chest wall contusion

·   Ranges from microscopic tears to frank MI

·   EKG changes, Serial enzyme deterioration

·   Admit to monitor for dysrhythmia

these conditions describe what kind of trauma/injury:

·   Often blunt trauma

·   Ventilation / Perfusion defect

·   Decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance on the affected side

·   Confirm with CXR and chest tube insertion OR needle thoracentesis in acute situation

these conditions describe what kind of trauma/injury:

·   Primary cause laceration of lung or intercostal vessel

·   Most self-limiting

·   If sufficient to appear on CXR then place a chest tube

these conditions describe what kind of injury:

·   Most commonly injured component of the chest

·   Splinting impairs ventilation

·   High index of suspicion for more serious injuries

·   Analgesia and nerve blocks: VERY IMP!  Painful; good for preventing ARDS