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Childhood and Adolescence
Chapter 3
25
Other
Undergraduate 1
03/08/2015

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Term
Germinal Stage
Definition
Period between conception and implantation.
Term
Blastocyst
Definition
Zygote has the form of a sphere of cells surrounding a cavity of fluid.
Term
Embryonic disk
Definition
Platelike inner part of the blastocyst that forms into the ectoderm, mesoderm and the endoderm.
Term
Trophoblast
Definition
Outer part of the blastocyst where the amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord develop.
Term
Embryonic Stage
Definition
Implantation through the 8th week. Development of major organ systems.
Term
Cephalocaudal
Definition
From head to tail.
Term
Proximodistal
Definition
From the inner part of the body outward.
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
Outermost cell layer where skin and nervous systems forms.
Term
Neural Tube
Definition
Hollowed-out area in the blastocyst where nervous systems forms.
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Inner layer of the embryo where lungs and digestive system form.
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
Central layer of the embryo where the bones and muscles develop.
Term
Androgens
Definition
Male sex hormones.
Term
Testosterone
Definition
Male sex hormone produced by the testes that promotes the development of male sexual characteristics and sperm.
Term
Fetal Stage
Definition
Lasts from the beginning of the 9th week through birth.
Term
Teratogens
Definition
Environmental influences or agents that can damage the embryo or fetus.
Term
Critical Period
Definition
Period where the embryo is vulnerable to a certain teratogen.
Term
Congenital
Definition
Present at birth; resulting form the prenatal environment.
Term
Rubella
Definition
Viral infection that can cause retardation and heart disease in the embryo. AKA German Measles.
Term
Pre-eclampsia
Definition
Life-threatening disease characterized by high blood pressure.
Term
Premature
Definition
Born before the full term of gestation. (Preterm)
Term
Rh incompatibility
Definition
Antibodies produced by the mother are transmitted to the child, possibly causing brain damage or death.
Term
Thalidomide
Definition
Sedative linked to birth defects, especially deformed or absent limbs.
Term
Progestin
Definition
Hormone that is used to maintain pregnancy and can cause masculinization of the fetus.
Term
DES
Definition
Diethylstilbestrol, an estrogen that has been linked to cancer in the reproductive organs of children of women who used it when pregnant.
Term
FAS / FAE
Definition
Fetal alcohol syndrome / Fetal alcohol effect, women who drank during pregnancy characteristic facial features and intellectual disability, lesser so in effect
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