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CIS Cyberspace in Society
Final Exam Review
113
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
12/14/2011

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Virus
Definition
a program that attaches itself to a file
Term
trojan horse
Definition
used as a back door to gain control of a computer
Term
worms
Definition
replicates itself to overwhelm systems
Term
information theft
Definition
act of stealing or copying information
Term
Piracy
Definition
illegal copying, use, and distribution of digital property of copy righted material
Term
Biometrics
Definition
is the science and technology of authentication by scanning and measuring a person's unique physical characteristics
Term
WLAN
Definition
wireless networks
Term
wifi
Definition
802.11n is strongest form
Term
satellite
Definition
wireless communication that uses satellites
Term
Blutooth
Definition
allow for devices to connect over short distances
Term
Infrared
Definition
sending signals through light waves
Term
RFID
Definition
technology that uses tiny transponder tags to communicate
Term
DLNA
Definition
digital living network, share media context within a home
Term
Net Neutrality
Definition
the principles that protect the internets openness
Term
Computer Security
Definition
any event or action that causes loss or damage to a computer
Term
Malware
Definition
Software designed for a malicious purpose
Term
Spyware
Definition
software used to collect information
Term
Rootkit
Definition
a program that hides in a computer that allows for someone from the outside full control
Term
Zombie Computer
Definition
A computer that is under the control of a hacker
Term
DBMS
Definition
Database Mangement System; software used to create, use and mangae a database
Term
Object Oriented Database
Definition
store data in an object; ex video, auto
Term
Relational Database
Definition
stores data in a table, ex inventory
Term
Multi Demesnional Database
Definition
stores data in demension, used for large amounts of data
Term
GIGO
Definition
garabage in garage out
Term
Data Warehouse
Definition
a huge database that stores and manages massive amounts of data
Term
Data Mining
Definition
A technique used for extracting information from a data warehouse or mart, privacy issues include financial records and health information
Term
NSA
Definition
largest database in the world
Term
LAN
Definition
local area network
Term
MAN
Definition
Metropolitan Area Network
Term
WAN
Definition
wide area network
Term
Intranet
Definition
a private network that uses the internet web technologies to securely share information
Term
VPN
Definition
virtual private network; uses public network to connect to remote sites securely
Term
Optical Disk Drive
Definition
uses optical lasers to read and write data on a largely reflective disc, ex CD, DVD, Blu Ray
Term
Cloud Storage
Definition
internet storage that provides storage to all users
Term
Input devices
Definition
hardware capable of entering data into a computer; ex mouse, scanner, keyboard
Term
Gesture Recognition
Definition
hardware and software technologies that are used to capture human gestures; ex Kinect
Term
Output Devices
Definition
any hardware capable of conveying information to one or more users; ex monitors, printers, speakers
Term
Surface Computing
Definition
a multi-touch input output device that allows users to interact with the screen or surface rather than the mouse
Term
Operating System
Definition
coordinates all activties amoung computers hardware and software; ex Mac OS, Windows 7, RIM, Iphone OS, Linux, Unix
Term
Driver
Definition
a program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a device
Term
User Interface
Definition
controls how he user interacts with the computer; ex graphical, command line, menu driven
Term
utility programs
Definition
disk defragmentor, Backup/Reforce, File Manager, personal firewall, antivirus
Term
Database
Definition
a collection of data on a specific topic or purpose that is stored for future use
Term
MB
Definition
Mega 1,000,000
Term
GB
Definition
Giga 1,000,000,000
Term
TB
Definition
Tera 1,000,000,000,000
Term
Volatile Memory
Definition
memory that loses its contents when its turned off; RAM
Term
Non-Volitalile Memory
Definition
memory that does not lose it contents when power is removed; ex ROM, Flash Memory, and hard disc drive
Term
RAM
Definition
random access memory; used as temporary holding area for data, application instructions, and the operating system, primary storage
Term
ROM
Definition
read only memory, example of Non Volatile Memory
Term
Flash Memory
Definition
memory that can be electornically earased and rewritten; ex memory on cameras and smart phones
Term
Cache
Definition
helps speed up computer processes by storing frequently used items
Term
Ports
Definition
connect external devices to the computer
Term
USB
Definition
unversial serial bus, connection for a variety of devices
Term
firewire
Definition
competes with usb
Term
hard disc drive
Definition
high capacity storage device that stores data permanently
Term
Tim Berne-Lee
Definition
invented the world wide web
Term
E-commerce
Definition
electronic commerce, transaction that occurs over a computer network;

advantages include global market, instant feedback, new ways to generate revenue, quick price comparisons, no middleman

disadvantages: loss of jobs, financial records unsafe
Term
B2C
Definition
business to consumer
Term
B2B
Definition
Business to business
Term
C2C
Definition
consumer to consumer
Term
Encrytion
Definition
uses high-level mathmatical functions and computer algortihms to encode data and make it unreadable
Term
SSL
Definition
secure sockets layer; security protocal that encrpys all communication sent between your computer and the web server
Term
system unit
Definition
case that contains all the components of the computer also called chassis
Term
Mother Board
Definition
the main circuit board of the system unit, everything connects
Term
Processor
Definition
CPU, central processing unit, interprets and carries out basic instructions of the computer
Term
Dual-Core Processor
Definition
a single chip that contains to separate processors
Term
Multi-Core
Definition
Processor that contains two or more separate processors
Term
Byte
Definition
8 bits in a byte
Term
Internet
Definition
a world wide collection of networks that link millions of computers and devices together
Term
Web
Definition
a world wide collection of electronic documents that are available to anyone connected to the internet
Term
NSP
Definition
Network Service Providers, maintain networks collections of links, routers, and cables
Term
TCP/IP
Definition
transmission control protocol/interent protocol; communication protocol that breaks down all information that will be sent over the internet
Term
ISP
Definition
(Interent Service Protocol) company that offers access to individuals and businesses
Term
DNS
Definition
Domain Name System, method used by the internet that stores and maps domain names an ip addresses, DNS server
Term
Types of Connections
Definition
Dial Up, DSL, Cable, Satellite, wireless
Term
Web 2.0
Definition
interactive websites, blogs, wikis, social networking sites, web applications
Term
HTML
Definition
Hyper text markup language, for creating web pages
Term
FTP
Definition
File transfer Protocol, uploading and downloading files
Term
HTTP
Definition
hyper text transfer protocol, set of rules that define how to transfer and convey webpages
Term
Digitization
Definition
the process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices
Term
HDTV
Definition
video that contains more information that equates to better picture quality and clarity of the video, the more information the larger the file,
Problem not all shows are broadcasted in the highest quality picture
Term
Digital Revolution
Definition
the ongoing process of social, political, and economic change brought about by digital technology, such as computers and the internet, materialized when the internet when public
Term
Digital Convergence
Definition
the process by which several technologies with distinct functionality merge to form a single product
Term
Hardware
Definition
triangle components of a computer system or device, designed for specific functionality, ex video card, sound card, processor
Term
software
Definition
series of instructions that govern the computer system's operation, what to do and how to do it
Term
VOIP
Definition
voice over internet protocol; technology that allows phone conversations over the internet
Term
Digital Divide
Definition
social change and economic gap between people that have access to the the benefit from technology from those who do not
Term
ARAPANET
Definition
project that started the internet, wanted to function while part of is was disabled, and allow scientist to share information
Term
Mainframes
Definition
large powerful and expensive computers, used by many large businesses
Term
Super Computers
Definition
fastest, most powerful, and most expensive, can compute massive amounts of data
Term
Embedded Computers
Definition
a computer with a special purpose that functions as a component in a larger product; ex cars, thermostats, answering machines, smart phones, smart appliances
Term
Ubiquitous Computing
Definition
technology is becoming so much a part of are everyday life and our environment that people don't eve realize it
Term
URL
Definition
uniform resources locator; Incorporates the domain name of the Web server and the location of the Web page file on the server.
Term
MAC Address
Definition
Media Access Control Address identifies each device on a network
Term
Modems
Definition
modulates and demodulates signals for both DSL and Cable networks
Term
Network Interface Card
Definition
NIC; device that allows a computer to connect to a network
Term
Hubs
Definition
used as a central connection point for connecting computers
Term
Switches
Definition
sames a a hub, connects computers but is much more secure. fundamental part of most networks
Term
Bridge
Definition
used to connect multiple network segments
Term
Repeater
Definition
like a bridge, connects multiple network segments, but regenerates the signal to extend its range
Term
Gateway
Definition
network points that act as an entrance to another network
Term
Router
Definition
a device that connects computers and transmits data to its correct destination
Term
Firewall
Definition
a device that filters information coming into a network
Term
WAP
Definition
wireless access point; a device that connects computers and other wireless devices together to form a wireless network that allows them to transmit data wirelessly
Term
Internet Backbone
Definition
a network of high capacity communication links that form the main "highway" for data traffic to travel across the internet
Term
Domain Name
Definition
texted based name associated with an IP address
Term
Web Site
Definition
contains a collection of related web pages
Term
Personal Computers
Definition
a microprocessor-baed computing device designed to meet the computing needs of an individual
Term
Mobile Computers
Definition
notebook computers,tablet PCs, smart phones
Term
Game Consoles
Definition
Nintendo, XBOX, Playstation
Term
Servers
Definition
a computer that controls access to hardware, software, and other resources on a network, provides central storage
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